Barbarea verna |
|
---|---|
Belle Isle cress, early winter cress, early winter or Belle Isle or American or land cress, early yellow-rocket, land cress, scurvy cress, scurvygrass, wintercress |
|
Habit | Biennials or, rarely, perennials; mostly glabrous, except blade auricles ciliate. |
Stems | (1–)2.5–8 dm. |
Basal leaves | petiole (0.5–)1–6(–8) cm; blade pinnatifid to pinnatisect, 1.5–11 cm, lobes (3–)6–10 on each side, lateral lobes oblong or ovate, 0.4–3 cm × 1–10 mm, not fleshy, margins entire, terminal lobe considerably larger than lateral ones, 1–5 cm × 10–350 mm. |
Cauline leaves | blade pinnatisect, lateral lobes 1–4, (oblong to lanceolate), margins often entire, rarely coarsely toothed; conspicuously auriculate, auricles ovate or narrowly oblong, (to 10 × 4 mm, margins entire). |
Flowers | sepals 3–5 × 0.7–1.5 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate basally, margins scarious; petals yellow or pale yellow, oblanceolate to spatulate, (5–)6–7(–8.5) × 1.5–3 mm, base cuneate, apex truncate or emarginate; filaments 3–5 mm; anthers 0.8–1.2 mm; ovules (34–)38–48(–52) per ovary; gynophore to 0.3 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate to ascending, (2–)3–6(–7) mm, terete, stout (almost as broad as fruit). |
Fruits | erect to ascending, not appressed to rachis, torulose, subterete to slightly latiseptate, (4.5–)5.3–7(–8) cm × 1.5–2 mm; style stout, 0.2–1(–2) mm. |
Seeds | dark brown, somewhat plump, oblong or quadrate, 1.8–2.5 × 1.4–1.6 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
Barbarea verna |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul. |
Habitat | Waste grounds, fields, limestone glades, rocky outcrops, fields, railroad embankments, disturbed sites, roadsides |
Elevation | 0-1600 m (0-5200 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; WA; WV; BC; NF; Europe; Asia; n Africa; s Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile), Australia]
|
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 463. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Barbarea |
Sibling taxa | |
Synonyms | Erysimum vernum, B. praecox, Campe verna, Erysimum praecox |
Name authority | (Miller) Ascherson: Fl. Brandenb. 1: 36. (1860) |
Web links |
|