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western white indigo

green wild indigo, round wild indigo, yellow wild indigo

Habit Herbs to 2 m, glabrous. Herbs erect, to 1 m, glabrescent.
Leaves

petiolate;

stipules caducous, lanceolate, 2–8 mm;

petiole 5–15 mm;

leaflets 3, blades obovate.

petiolate;

stipules deciduous, subulate, 4–16 mm;

petiole 1–4 mm;

leaflets 3 to mid stem, or 1 or 2 distally, blades obovate or elliptic to oblanceolate.

Racemes

8–20-flowered, terminal, stiffly erect, ebracteate.

5+-flowered, terminal, stiffly erect, bracteate, bracts caducous.

Pedicels

3–10 mm.

2–5 mm.

Flowers

18–25 mm;

calyx 7–8 mm, glabrous;

corolla white, 16–23 mm.

18–22 mm;

calyx 7–9 mm, glabrous;

corolla bright yellow, 16–20 mm.

Legumes

black in age, ascending to spreading-pendent, plump, ellipsoid-cylindric, 23–50 × 10–30 mm, smooth.

ascending to spreading, suborbicular, 7–11 × 7–11 mm, woody, glabrous.

Seeds

20–30.

2–4(–6).

2n

= 18.

Baptisia lactea

Baptisia sphaerocarpa

Phenology Flowering Apr–May.
Habitat Mostly clay or silty-clay soils.
Elevation 10–200 m. (0–700 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
c United States; se United States
from FNA
LA; MO; MS; OK; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Baptisia lactea forms hybrids with B. lanceolata, B. nuttalliana, B. sphaerocarpa (B. × sulphurea Engelmann), and B. tinctoria (B. × deamii Larisey).

Peripheral intergradation between var. lactea and var. pendula occurs (hence their treatment as varieties); they are not known to co-occur at present.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Baptisia sphaerocarpa forms hybrids with B. lactea, B. leucophaea (B. × intermedia Larisey [= B. × bushii Small and B. × stricta Larisey]), and B. nuttalliana. Baptisia × bushii was treated as a species by M. M. Larisey (1940). Baptisia × intermedia, as described by Larisey, was said to be a hybrid of B. leucophaea var. glabrescens Larisey and B. viridis, which is treated here as synonymous with B. sphaerocarpa. Interestingly, these three hybrids (B. × bushii, B. × intermedia, and B. × stricta) key out in adjacent couplets in the treatment by Larisey.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Legumes 10–15 mm wide; mature stipes about as long as calyces; c United States.
var. lactea
1. Legumes 15–30 mm wide; mature stipes much longer than calyces; se United States.
var. pendula
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Baptisia Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Baptisia
Sibling taxa
B. alba, B. arachnifera, B. australis, B. bracteata, B. calycosa, B. cinerea, B. hirsuta, B. lanceolata, B. lecontei, B. leucophaea, B. megacarpa, B. nuttalliana, B. perfoliata, B. simplicifolia, B. sphaerocarpa, B. tinctoria
B. alba, B. arachnifera, B. australis, B. bracteata, B. calycosa, B. cinerea, B. hirsuta, B. lactea, B. lanceolata, B. lecontei, B. leucophaea, B. megacarpa, B. nuttalliana, B. perfoliata, B. simplicifolia, B. tinctoria
Subordinate taxa
B. lactea var. lactea, B. lactea var. pendula
Synonyms Dolichos lacteus B. viridis
Name authority (Rafinesque) Thieret: Sida 3: 446. (1969) Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 97. (1834)
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