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western white indigo

cat-bells

Habit Herbs to 2 m, glabrous. Herbs ascending or erect, much-branched, to 1 m, glabrous.
Leaves

petiolate;

stipules caducous, lanceolate, 2–8 mm;

petiole 5–15 mm;

leaflets 3, blades obovate.

sessile;

stipules absent;

leaflet 1, blade perfoliate, broadly ovate-elliptic.

Racemes

8–20-flowered, terminal, stiffly erect, ebracteate.

1-flowered, axillary, ebracteate.

Pedicels

3–10 mm.

absent.

Flowers

18–25 mm;

calyx 7–8 mm, glabrous;

corolla white, 16–23 mm.

15–17 mm;

calyx 5–7 mm, glabrous;

corolla bright yellow, 13–15 mm.

Legumes

black in age, ascending to spreading-pendent, plump, ellipsoid-cylindric, 23–50 × 10–30 mm, smooth.

ascending, ovoid, 10–15 × 8–12 mm, abruptly beaked, woody.

Seeds

20–30.

2–4.

2n

= 18.

Baptisia lactea

Baptisia perfoliata

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Open pine and pine-oak wood­lands, sandy soils.
Elevation 10–200 m. (0–700 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
c United States; se United States
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Baptisia lactea forms hybrids with B. lanceolata, B. nuttalliana, B. sphaerocarpa (B. × sulphurea Engelmann), and B. tinctoria (B. × deamii Larisey).

Peripheral intergradation between var. lactea and var. pendula occurs (hence their treatment as varieties); they are not known to co-occur at present.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Baptisia perfoliata forms hybrids with B. alba, B. lanceolata, and B. tinctoria; F1 hybrids with the latter are called B. × microphylla Nuttall.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Legumes 10–15 mm wide; mature stipes about as long as calyces; c United States.
var. lactea
1. Legumes 15–30 mm wide; mature stipes much longer than calyces; se United States.
var. pendula
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Baptisia Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Baptisia
Sibling taxa
B. alba, B. arachnifera, B. australis, B. bracteata, B. calycosa, B. cinerea, B. hirsuta, B. lanceolata, B. lecontei, B. leucophaea, B. megacarpa, B. nuttalliana, B. perfoliata, B. simplicifolia, B. sphaerocarpa, B. tinctoria
B. alba, B. arachnifera, B. australis, B. bracteata, B. calycosa, B. cinerea, B. hirsuta, B. lactea, B. lanceolata, B. lecontei, B. leucophaea, B. megacarpa, B. nuttalliana, B. simplicifolia, B. sphaerocarpa, B. tinctoria
Subordinate taxa
B. lactea var. lactea, B. lactea var. pendula
Synonyms Dolichos lacteus Crotalaria perfoliata
Name authority (Rafinesque) Thieret: Sida 3: 446. (1969) (Linnaeus) R. Brown in W. Aiton and W. T. Aiton: Hortus Kew. 3: 5. (1811)
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