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serrate balsam root, serrated balsamroot, serrrate balsamroot, tooth balsamroot

hairy balsamroot, hispid balsamroot

Habit Plants 10–20(–30) cm. Plants 6–40 cm.
Leaves

blades bright green, narrowly lance-elliptic to lanceolate, (6–)15–25(–40) × (3–)5–9+ cm (1–2-pinnatifid, primary lobes lanceolate to oblanceolate, 10–45 × 2–15 mm, secondary lobes usually divergent, antrorse), bases ± cuneate, ultimate margins usually entire (± revolute and/or thickened, often ciliate), apices acute to attenuate, faces ± hispidulous to hirtellous (gland-dotted as well; veins ± scabrous).

Basal leaves

blades pale green to gray-green, lanceolate or lance-ovate, 5–15(–20+) × 2–5(–10) cm (earliest sometimes, later seldom, pinnately lobed, mostly toward tips), bases usually cuneate to subtruncate, sometimes cordate, margins usually dentate to serrate, apices acute, faces hirsutulous to scabrous.

Involucres

campanulate, 15–25 mm diam.

campanulate to hemispheric 10–25 mm diam.

Ray laminae

(20–)30–40.

15–40 mm (abaxially glabrous).

Outer phyllaries

lanceolate to lance-triangular, 10–22 mm, shorter than inner, apices acute to attenuate (margins ciliate).

lanceolate to linear, 12–20 mm, not surpassing inner, apices acute to attenuate (margins often ciliate).

Heads

usually borne singly.

borne singly.

2n

= 38.

Balsamorhiza serrata

Balsamorhiza hispidula

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun. Flowering Apr–May.
Habitat Basaltic scablands, sagebrush scrub, openings in forests, meadow borders Basalt scablands and desert-steppe areas, juniper and sagebrush scrublands
Elevation (1000–)1400–1500 m ((3300–)4600–4900 ft) 1800–2500 m (5900–8200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; NV; OR; WA
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WY
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Balsamorhiza serrata hybridizes with B. careyana. Leaves of the hybrids tend to be prostrate rather than erect. Most of the hybrids display the larger size of B. careyana and lack the pubescence of the heads; serrata-like plants never develop more than a single head nor do they have the pubescence of the cypselae.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Distribution of Balsamorhiza hispidula is highly disrupted in the southern part of its range.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 96. FNA vol. 21, p. 98.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Balsamorhiza > subg. Balsamorhiza Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Balsamorhiza > subg. Balsamorhiza
Sibling taxa
B. careyana, B. deltoidea, B. hispidula, B. hookeri, B. incana, B. lanata, B. macrolepis, B. macrophylla, B. rosea, B. sagittata, B. sericea
B. careyana, B. deltoidea, B. hookeri, B. incana, B. lanata, B. macrolepis, B. macrophylla, B. rosea, B. sagittata, B. sericea, B. serrata
Synonyms B. hookeri var. hispidula
Name authority A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 56: 479. (1913) W. M. Sharp: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 137, fig. 3, plate 5. (1935)
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