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deltoid balsam root, Puget balsamroot

Habit Plants 20–90 cm.
Taproots

relatively massive;

bark relatively thick, corrugated;

rhizomes none;

caudices usually multi-branched.

Basal leaves

blades green, deltate or rounded-deltate to triangular-deltate, 10–25+ × 7–15(–20) cm, bases cordate to sagittate, margins usually crenate to dentate (at least near bases), sometimes entire, apices acute, faces usually sparsely hirtellous to hispidulous, sometimes glabrous (usually gland-dotted, sometimes vernicose).

blades mostly rounded-deltate or deltate to triangular-deltate, bases sagittate or cordate to truncate, margins usually entire, sometimes crenate.

Cauline leaves

usually at mid stems.

Petioles

mostly longer than leaf blades.

Involucres

campanulate to hemispheric 15–30+ mm diam.

Ray corollas

yellow.

Ray laminae

20–50 mm.

Outer phyllaries

oblong to lanceolate or lance-linear, (12–)30–40(–60) mm, usually much surpassing inner, apices acute.

Heads

usually borne singly, sometimes 2+.

2n

= 38.

Balsamorhiza deltoidea

Balsamorhiza subg. Artorhiza

Phenology Flowering (Mar–)Apr–Jun(–Jul).
Habitat Open hillsides, openings in chaparral or forests
Elevation 60–1800(–2400) m (200–5900(–7900) ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
w North America
Discussion

Balsamorhiza deltoidea varies in the crenation of the leaf margins. The variability may stem from an old hybridization with B. hookeri or other species of Balsamorhiza. Otherwise, B. deltoidea shows little significant variability except where it hybridizes with B. careyana in the narrows of the Columbia River Gorge.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Species 3 (3 in the flora).

Members of subg. Artorhiza inhabit relatively deep, well-developed soils, flower only after at least 4–5 years, and attain ages of possibly 50 years.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 95. FNA vol. 21, p. 94.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Balsamorhiza > subg. Artorhiza Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Balsamorhiza
Sibling taxa
B. careyana, B. hispidula, B. hookeri, B. incana, B. lanata, B. macrolepis, B. macrophylla, B. rosea, B. sagittata, B. sericea, B. serrata
Subordinate taxa
Synonyms B. glabrescens B. unranked Artorhiza, B. section Artorhiza
Name authority Nuttall: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 351. (1840) (Nuttall) W. M. Sharp: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 115. (1935)
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