Balsamorhiza careyana |
Balsamorhiza sagittata |
|
---|---|---|
Carey's balsamroot |
arrow-leaf balsamroot |
|
Habit | Plants (15–)20–60 cm. | Plants (15–)20–40(–65) cm. |
Basal leaves | blades green, rounded-deltate or deltate to triangular-deltate, 15–25 × 6–15 cm, bases cordate or hastate to truncate, margins usually entire, sometimes crenate (to dentate near bases), apices acute to attenuate, faces finely hispidulous to hirtellous (gland-dotted as well). |
blades ± silvery to white or gray-green, rounded-deltate or deltate to triangular-deltate, 5–25 × 3–15 cm, bases ± cordate, margins entire, apices acute to attenuate, faces sericeous, tomentose, tomentulose, or velutinous (at least abaxially, usually gland-dotted as well), sometimes glabrescent. |
Involucres | hemispheric to turbinate or campanulate, 12–20 mm diam. |
hemispheric to turbinate, 12–25 mm diam. |
Ray laminae | 20–30(–40) mm (cypselae strigose or glabrous). |
20–40 mm. |
Outer phyllaries | oblong to lanceolate or linear, 15–25 mm, usually surpassing inner, apices acute to attenuate. |
lanceolate to oblanceolate or linear, (15–)20–25(–30+) mm, equaling or surpassing inner, apices acute to acuminate. |
Heads | usually (2–)3+, sometimes borne singly. |
usually borne singly, sometimes 2–3+. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Balsamorhiza careyana |
Balsamorhiza sagittata |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Mar–)May–Jun(–Jul). | Flowering (Apr–)May–Jun(–Jul). |
Habitat | Dry scablands, semi-desert soils, openings in pine forests | Openings, banks, flats, meadows, ridges, sagebrush scrub, conifer forests |
Elevation | 500–1000 m (1600–3300 ft) | (100–)900–2500(–3000) m ((300–)3000–8200(–9800) ft) |
Distribution |
OR; WA
|
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SDak
|
Discussion | Hybrids involving Balsamorhiza careyana and B. deltoidea occur near the Columbia River Gorge; intermediates are found to the east and south. In northern Oregon, plants in some populations have glabrous cypselae and some populations are mixed. The hairiness may come from B. rosea; B. rosea and B. careyana may hybridize profusely, producing mostly plants with the stature of B. careyana and with the relatively short, brick-red ray corollas of B. rosea. Hybridization also occurs, occasionally, between B. careyana and B. sagittata; B. careyana also hybridizes with any species of sect. Balsamorhiza with which it comes in contact. Plants called Balsamorhiza careyana var. intermedia usually have crenate leaf margins and glabrous cypselae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Balsamorhiza sagittata grows east of the Cascade-Sierra axis to the Rocky Mountains and Black Hills. It is one of the more spectacular of all spring-flowering plants in the northwestern United States. Hybrids occur along lines of contact between B. sagittata and almost all species of sect. Balsamorhiza except B. macrophylla (a high polyploid). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 95. | FNA vol. 21, p. 95. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Balsamorhiza > subg. Artorhiza | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Balsamorhiza > subg. Artorhiza |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. careyana var. intermedia | Buphthalmum sagittatum, B. helianthoides, Espeletia helianthoides, Espeletia sagittata |
Name authority | A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 81. (1849) | (Pursh) Nuttall: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 350. (1840) |
Web links |