Bacopa |
Bacopa rotundifolia |
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water-hyssop |
disc waterhyssop, disk water-hyssop, round-leaf water-hyssop, wet waterhyssop |
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Habit | Herbs, annual or perennial, emergent or submerged, sometimes rooting from proximal nodes. | Annuals [perennials]. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | prostrate or erect, glabrous or slightly hairy. |
prostrate, 15–60 cm, hairy, sometimes sparsely so, glabrescent. |
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Leaves | cauline, opposite [whorled]; petiole obscure or absent; blade fleshy (B. monnieri) or not, not leathery, margins entire, crenate, or serrate. |
hairy; blade base broadly cuneate, margins entire, apex ± rounded. |
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Inflorescences | axillary, flowers solitary or in pairs; bracts absent. |
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Pedicels | present or absent; bracteoles present [absent]. |
9–15 mm. |
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Flowers | bisexual; sepals 4 or 5, distinct, outer wider than inner, ovate, lanceolate, or oblong, calyx radially or bilaterally symmetric, campanulate; corolla white (sometimes with yellow throat), pink, or violet-blue, radially or bilaterally (B. repens) symmetric, regular or weakly bilabiate, rotate or campanulate, rarely tubular, tube base not spurred or gibbous, throat not densely pilose internally, lobes 4 or 5, abaxial 2 or 3, adaxial 2; stamens 2–4, adnate to corolla, didynamous or equal, filaments glabrous; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigmas peltately flattened and semicapitate. |
sepals 5, ovate to oblong, calyx bilaterally symmetric; corolla white with yellow throat, 5–10 mm; stamens 2–4, equal. |
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Fruits | capsules, dehiscence septicidal-loculicidal or loculicidal. |
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Seeds | 80–120, brownish black, ellipsoid to cylindric, reticulate, wings absent. |
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× = 14. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2n | = 56. |
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Bacopa |
Bacopa rotundifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | In water or on mud in lakes, ponds, pools, in and around marshes and ditches, ephemeral pools on rock outcrops. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–2300 m. (0–7500 ft.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; s Europe; Asia; Africa; Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar); Australia |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NM; OK; SD; TN; TX; VA; WI; WY; AB; SK [Introduced in Europe (Greece, Spain)]
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Discussion | Species ca. 70 (7 in the flora). Bacopa laxiflora (Bentham) Wettstein ex Edwall, native to Central America and South America, has been introduced to Mexico and may be expected in the flora area. Plants of B. laxiflora resemble B. monnieri; they differ by erect stems and acute leaf blade apices. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Bacopa rotundifolia is the most widespread member of the genus in the United States; it is invasive in rice fields. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 260. | FNA vol. 17, p. 261. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Monniera rotundifolia, B. nobsiana, B. simulans, Bramia rotundifolia, Macuillamia rotundifolia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Aublet: Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 128, plate 49. (1775) — name conserved | (Michaux) Wettstein: in H. G. A. Engler and K. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 67[IV,3b]: 76. (1891) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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