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Douglas' falsewillow, marsh baccharis, salt marsh baccharis

linear-leaf false willow, roosevelt or New Deal weed, rooseveltweed

Habit Perennials, 60–210 cm (rhizoma-tous, forming colonies). Shrubs, 100–450 cm (not broom-like).
Stems

erect to ascending, striate, glabrous, gland-dotted, resinous.

(sometimes in clumps) erect, striate-angled, glabrous, eglandular.

Leaves

present at flowering; short-petiolate;

blades (1- or 3-nerved, larger prominently 3-nerved) lanceolate, 50–130 × 8–30 mm, bases tapered to petioles, margins entire or finely dentate, apices acute to acuminate, faces glabrous, black gland-dotted.

present at flowering;

sessile;

blades (1-nerved, lateral veins obscure) narrowly elliptic to linear, 30–80 × 1–2(–5) mm (moderately thick), bases narrowly attenuate, margins entire or serrate with 2–3 small teeth, apices acute, faces glabrous, gland-dotted (distal reduced, entire).

Involucres

hemispheric;

staminate 3.5–5 mm, pistillate 3.8–4.8(–6) mm.

cylindro-campanulate;

staminate 3.5–4 mm, pistillate 4–5 mm.

Pistillate florets

80–150;

corollas 1.7–3 mm.

15–30;

corollas 2.5–3.3 mm.

Staminate florets

26–40;

corollas 3.5–4 mm.

10–15;

corollas 2.7–3.3 mm.

Phyllaries

narrowly lanceolate, 2–4 mm, inner series ± equal, margins yellowish, medians green to purplish, apices acuminate, erose or ciliate, faces glabrous, gland-dotted, resinous.

ovate to lanceolate, 1–3 mm, margins yellowish, often scarious, medians green or reddish, apices acute to acuminate (often purplish, sometimes erose).

Heads

in dense, terminal, flat-topped, corymbiform arrays.

(axillary and terminal on lateral branches) in pyramidal, paniculiform arrays.

Cypselae

0.6–1.5 mm, 5-nerved, glandular, hispidulous distally;

pappi 2.6–4(–7) mm.

1–1.5 mm, 10-nerved, glabrous;

pappi 7–12 mm.

2n

= 18.

Baccharis glutinosa

Baccharis neglecta

Phenology Flowering Jul–Oct (all year). Flowering Aug–Nov.
Habitat Moist salt marshes, coastal strands, stream edges, hillsides, railroads Disturbed habitats, old fields, pastures, roadsides, streambeds
Elevation 0–1200 m (0–3900 ft) 200–600 m (700–2000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Occurring along the coast and in interior valleys, Baccharis glutinosa is recognized by the erect, simple stems growing in patches from rhizomes, large lanceolate leaves with three veins and blackish glandular dots, heads in dense, compact, terminal, corymbiform arrays and more or less uniform inner phyllaries. G. L. Nesom (1990h) noted that it is similar to forms of the South American species Baccharis pingraea de Candolle, and that the two taxa may be conspecific.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

As circumscribed here, Baccharis neglecta is known north of Mexico only from central Texas, mostly on the Edwards Plateau. It is recognized by its tall and erect habit, very narrow leaves with small shallow teeth, pyramidal arrays, and 10-ribbed cypselae. It is most similar to B. salicina and may represent a xeromorphic, narrow-leaf form or variety of that species. Baccharis neglecta invades rangelands and pastures, forming dense stands. It is an especially aggressive invader of land converted from crops to pasture and it is a prolific seed producer; it readily resprouts when burned or cut.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 20, p. 27. FNA vol. 20, p. 29.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Baccharis Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Baccharis
Sibling taxa
B. angustifolia, B. bigelovii, B. brachyphylla, B. dioica, B. glomeruliflora, B. halimifolia, B. havardii, B. malibuensis, B. neglecta, B. pilularis, B. plummerae, B. pteronioides, B. salicifolia, B. salicina, B. sarothroides, B. sergiloides, B. texana, B. thesioides, B. vanessae, B. wrightii
B. angustifolia, B. bigelovii, B. brachyphylla, B. dioica, B. glomeruliflora, B. glutinosa, B. halimifolia, B. havardii, B. malibuensis, B. pilularis, B. plummerae, B. pteronioides, B. salicifolia, B. salicina, B. sarothroides, B. sergiloides, B. texana, B. thesioides, B. vanessae, B. wrightii
Synonyms B. douglasii
Name authority Persoon: Sym. Pl. 2: 425. (1807) Britton: in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. 3: 394, fig. 3835. (1898)
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