Ayenia filiformis |
Malvaceae subfam. byttnerioideae |
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trans-Pecos ayenia |
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Habit | Subshrubs, decumbent or erect, 0.2–0.5(–0.9) m. Stems hairy, hairs simple and retrorse or simple and stellate. | Herbs, subshrubs, shrubs [trees]. |
Leaves | petiole 0.4–1(–1.5) cm; blades of proximal leaves ovate to orbiculate, 0.5–2(–3.2) × 0.2–1(–1.5) cm, distal oblong-ovate to ovate-lanceolate or linear, unlobed, 1–4.3(–7) × 0.2–1(–1.5) cm, base rounded to truncate, margins serrate to doubly serrate or dentate, sometimes ciliate, apex subacute, 3(–5)-veined from base, surfaces usually stellate-puberulent, sometimes glabrescent. |
blades usually unlobed, rarely lobed (Hermannia), margins serrate, dentate, or entire. |
Inflorescences | axillary, terminal, or leaf-opposed, usually antisepalous or absent (Hermannia and Waltheria); gynoecium syncarpous. |
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Pedicels | 2–4(–7) mm. |
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Flowers | sepals persistent, not reflexed at anthesis, ovate-lanceolate, 1–3 mm, stellate-hairy abaxially; petal claws 2–2.5(–6) mm, lamina subtriangular or rhombic, 1–2.5 × 1–2 mm, base ± attenuate on claw, margins entire, apex notched, surfaces hairy abaxially, hairs simple, multicellular, abaxial appendage filiform to slightly clavate, 0.7 mm; androgynophore 2–3 mm; stamen filaments present; stigmas slightly exserted. |
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Fruits | capsules or schizocarps, dehiscence loculicidal or septicidal. |
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Capsules | oblate, 2–4 × 5 mm, densely stellate-hairy, prickles 0.5–1 mm. |
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Seeds | 2–3 mm, tuberculate. |
(1–)5–10, usually glabrous. |
Cymes | axillary, not borne on short shoots (brachyblasts), 1–3(–11)-flowered; peduncle 2–4(–7) mm. |
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Ayenia filiformis |
Malvaceae subfam. byttnerioideae |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting spring–early fall. | |
Habitat | On limestone and granite soil, steep rocky slopes, canyons, sandy washes | |
Elevation | 1000–1500 m (3300–4900 ft) | |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas)
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North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Asia; Africa; Australia; pantropical |
Discussion | In Texas, Ayenia filiformis is known from the trans-Pecos region. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Genera 26, species ca. 650 (4 genera, 16 species in the flora). Byttnerioideae comprise five tribes previously ascribed to the family Sterculiaceae (B. A. Whitlock et al. 2001). It is sister to Grewioideae; together they represent the earliest branching taxa in the family (C. Bayer et al. 1999; R. Nyffeler et al. 2005). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Key | ||
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 205. | FNA vol. 6, p. 202. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | A. cuneata, A. reflexa | |
Name authority | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 24: 42. (1889) | Burnett: Outlines Bot., 821, 1119. (1835) |
Web links |