Flora of North America species comparison

2–5 cm.

(2.5–)4–5 cm, densely leafy.

sparse below, more crowded above, 4–9 × 0.8–1.5 mm, lingulate to lanceolate, undulate, keeled distally, concave to flat proximally, with oblique rows of abaxial teeth on undulations, the apex acute;

costa percurrent, with teeth on abaxial surface in distal half;

lamellae 2–6, 2–4(–7) cells high;

median leaf cells 20–32 µm wide, irregularly angled to hexagonal, sometimes rounded, often transversely elongate, convex on both surfaces, smooth or with minute, verrucose or striate papillae on abaxial surface, walls firm, strongly collenchymatous with trigones.

7–8 × 0.8–1 mm wide midway between base and tip, narrowly triangular-lanceolate to linear, subfalcate, plane, not undulate, with a few scattered abaxial teeth, or none, long-tapering to a narrowly acute apex, margin stoutly bordered, doubly toothed from proximal 1/8 of leaf, often colored;

costa spinose abaxially towards leaf apex;

lamellae (4–)5(–6), low and strictly parallel, (1–)3–4 cells high;

median leaf cells 20–25 µm wide, rounded hexagonal, with their longest dimension at right angles to the costa, with distinct trigones, smooth or occasionally with striate papillae near base of leaf.

1(–3) per perichaetium, 1–3 cm, reddish brown.

reddish brown, 3–4(–5) cm, usually 1 per perichaetium, occasionally 2.

polygamous, some shoots bisexual, others apparently male or female;

perigonial bracts broad, forming antheridial buds, often several buds per plant.

polygamous, most shoots apparently unisexual and female;

unisexual male shoots not reported, perigonial leaves similar to the others, but with broader bases, to broadly lanceolate and unbordered in proximal 1/2, the innermost bracts tiny, obovate.

2–4(–8) × 0.5–1 mm, curved to distinctly arcuate, almost horizontal;

operculum 2–3 mm.

6–8(–10) × 0.8–1 mm, reddish brown, finely striate, narrowly cylindric, somewhat curved, erect to inclined.

(12–)16–28 µm.

18–20 µm.