Athysanus |
Brassicaceae tribe Arabideae |
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athysanus, sandweed |
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Habit | Annuals; not scapose; glabrous or pubescent, trichomes simple mixed with short-stalked, forked, 3-rayed, or cruciform ones. | Annuals, biennials, or perennials [subshrubs]; eglandular. | ||||
Stems | (few from base), ascending, branched. |
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Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate or sessile; basal not rosulate, shortly petiolate, blade margins entire or dentate; cauline shortly petiolate or sessile, blade (base not auriculate), margins entire or dentate. |
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Cauline leaves | petiolate or sessile; blade base auriculate or not, margins entire or dentate. |
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Trichomes | stalked or sessile, usually stellate, dendritic, cruciform, or forked, sometimes mixed with simple ones, rarely malpighiaceous. |
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Racemes | (corymbose, several-flowered, secund, lax), considerably elongated in fruit. |
usually ebracteate, often elongated in fruit. |
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Flowers | (cleistogamous and/or chasmogamous); sepals suberect, oblong, lateral pair not saccate basally, (glabrous or pubescent); petals white, (usually rudimentary, or well-developed and exceeding sepals, rarely absent), spatulate or oblong, claw indistinct; stamens subequal; filaments slightly dilated or not basally; anthers ovate to globose; nectar glands lateral, each side of lateral stamens. |
actinomorphic; sepals erect, ascending, or spreading, lateral pair seldom saccate basally; petals white, yellow, orange, pink, or purple, claw usually present, usually distinct; filaments unappendaged, not winged; pollen 3-colpate. |
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Fruiting pedicels | recurved or reflexed, slender or stout, (glabrous or pubescent). |
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Fruits | (pendulous), silicles, indehiscent or very tardily dehiscent, sessile, usually orbicular or obovate to elliptic, rarely oblong, twisted or flattened, latiseptate; valves each not veined or veins prominent, pubescent or glabrous; replum rounded; septum absent or complete; ovules 2–12 per ovary; style obsolete or distinct; stigma capitate. |
silicles or siliques, usually dehiscent, very rarely indehiscent, unsegmented, latiseptate or terete; ovules 2–70(–88)[–110+] per ovary; style usually distinct, sometimes obsolete; stigma usually entire, rarely 2-lobed. |
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Seeds | uniseriate, flattened, not winged, oblong; seed coat not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent. |
biseriate or uniseriate [rarely aseriate]; cotyledons accumbent. |
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Athysanus |
Brassicaceae tribe Arabideae |
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Distribution |
w North America; nw Mexico |
North America; Mexico; South America; Europe; Asia; n Africa |
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Discussion | Species 2 (2 in the flora). Athysanus and Heterodraba are strikingly similar in almost all aspects except for the differences in the key below. Although R. C. Rollins (1993) mentioned nothing about their relationship, he keyed them out in one couplet. Their species are more closely related to each other than to other Brassicaceae. In my opinion, the recognition of two independent monotypic genera obscures their sister phylogenetic relationship. Both genera were described simultaneously by Greene, and since W. L. Jepson (1901) transferred the type of Heterodraba to Athysanus, the latter name has nomenclatural priority. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Genera 8, species ca. 460 (4 genera, 139 species in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 267. | FNA vol. 7, p. 256. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Heterodraba | |||||
Name authority | Greene: Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 72. (1885) | de Candolle: Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 7: 229. (1821) | ||||
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