Athysanus |
Athysanus pusillus |
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athysanus, sandweed |
common sandweed, dwarf athysanus, sandweed |
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Habit | Annuals; not scapose; glabrous or pubescent, trichomes simple mixed with short-stalked, forked, 3-rayed, or cruciform ones. | Plants sparsely to densely pubescent proximally, sometimes glabrous distally. | ||||
Stems | (few from base), ascending, branched. |
(0.2–)0.5–3(–5) dm. |
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Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate or sessile; basal not rosulate, shortly petiolate, blade margins entire or dentate; cauline shortly petiolate or sessile, blade (base not auriculate), margins entire or dentate. |
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Basal leaves | petiole 0.1–0.5 cm; blade oblanceolate, obovate, or oblong, 0.3–1.5(–2) cm × (1–)2–6(–8) mm, margins entire or dentate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces uniformly pubescent, trichomes cruciform and 3-rayed, adaxially sometimes mixed with coarse, simple ones. |
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Cauline leaves | 1–6; blade similar and equaling or smaller than basal. |
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Racemes | (corymbose, several-flowered, secund, lax), considerably elongated in fruit. |
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Flowers | (cleistogamous and/or chasmogamous); sepals suberect, oblong, lateral pair not saccate basally, (glabrous or pubescent); petals white, (usually rudimentary, or well-developed and exceeding sepals, rarely absent), spatulate or oblong, claw indistinct; stamens subequal; filaments slightly dilated or not basally; anthers ovate to globose; nectar glands lateral, each side of lateral stamens. |
sepals 0.5–1 × 0.3–0.7 mm; petals oblong, 1.5–3 × 0.5–1 mm; filaments 0.4–0.6 mm; anthers (0.05–)0.1–0.2(–0.25) mm. |
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Fruiting pedicels | recurved or reflexed, slender or stout, (glabrous or pubescent). |
slender, (1.5–)2–4(–6) mm. |
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Fruits | (pendulous), silicles, indehiscent or very tardily dehiscent, sessile, usually orbicular or obovate to elliptic, rarely oblong, twisted or flattened, latiseptate; valves each not veined or veins prominent, pubescent or glabrous; replum rounded; septum absent or complete; ovules 2–12 per ovary; style obsolete or distinct; stigma capitate. |
usually orbicular to obovate, rarely broadly oblong, 1-locular, not twisted; valves thin, veins sometimes prominent, usually pubescent, rarely glabrous, trichomes simple, to 0.5 mm, hooked (sometimes restricted to margins, or mixed with smaller, sessile, cruciform or 3-rayed ones); septum absent; ovules 2(–4) per ovary; style 0.05–0.2 mm. |
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Seeds | uniseriate, flattened, not winged, oblong; seed coat not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent. |
1, (0.8–)0.9–1.1(–1.2) × (0.5–)0.7–0.9(–1) mm. |
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2n | = 26. |
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Athysanus |
Athysanus pusillus |
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Phenology | Flowering Feb–Jun. | |||||
Habitat | Open grassy slopes, grassy glades in woodlands, chaparral, sandy and gravelly flats, flood plains, rock outcrops, cliffs and ledges, on limestone, serpentine, sandstone, granitic and basaltic substrates | |||||
Elevation | 0-1800 m (0-5900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
w North America; nw Mexico |
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California)
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Discussion | Species 2 (2 in the flora). Athysanus and Heterodraba are strikingly similar in almost all aspects except for the differences in the key below. Although R. C. Rollins (1993) mentioned nothing about their relationship, he keyed them out in one couplet. Their species are more closely related to each other than to other Brassicaceae. In my opinion, the recognition of two independent monotypic genera obscures their sister phylogenetic relationship. Both genera were described simultaneously by Greene, and since W. L. Jepson (1901) transferred the type of Heterodraba to Athysanus, the latter name has nomenclatural priority. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Records of Athysanus pusillus for Montana appear to be solely from Ravalli County, and for Nevada from Storey and Washoe counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 267. | FNA vol. 7, p. 267. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Heterodraba | Thysanocarpus pusillus, A. pusillus var. glabrior, Thysanocarpus oblongifolius | ||||
Name authority | Greene: Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 72. (1885) | (Hooker) Greene: Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 72. (1885) | ||||
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