Astrolepis cochisensis
Astrolepis sinuata
Cochise scaly cloakfern, scaly cloak-fern
wavy scaly cloakfern
compact;
stem scales uniformly tan or somewhat darker near base, to 10 mm, margins ciliate-dentate to entire.
compact to short-creeping;
stem scales uniformly chestnut brown or with lighter margin, to 6 mm, margins ciliate-dentate.
7–40 cm.
11–130 cm.
1-pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid, pinna pairs 20–50.
pinnate-pinnatifid, pinna pairs 30–60.
oblong, largest usually 4–7 mm, entire or asymmetrically lobed, lobes 1–4, broadly rounded, separated by shallow sinuses;
abaxial scales completely concealing surface, ovate, usually 0.5–1 mm, ciliate with coarse marginal projections;
adaxial scales sparse, deciduous, stellate to coarsely ciliate, mostly circular to elliptic, peltate, body more than 5 cells wide.
deltate to ovate, largest 7–35 mm, symmetrically lobed, lobes 6–14 often acute, separated by deep sinuses;
abaxial scales concealing surface, lanceolate, usually 1–1.5 mm, ciliate-dentate with delicate marginal projections;
adaxial scales sparse, deciduous, elongate, stellate, attached at base, body 1–2 cells wide, attached at base.
containing 32 or 64 spores.
containing 32 or 64 spores.
Astrolepis cochisensis
Astrolepis sinuata
Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).
Astrolepis cochisensis is reported to be toxic to sheep (F. P. Mathews 1945). Three cytotypes that occupy different ranges and/or habitats have been identified and are treated here as subspecies. These include a sexual diploid (subsp. chihuahuensis) found on calcareous substrates in the Chihuahuan Desert; an apogamous triploid (subsp. cochisensis), which inhabits primarily calcareous substrates in the Sonoran, Mojavean, and western Chihuahuan deserts; and an apogamous tetraploid (subsp. arizonica), which occupies primarily noncalcareous substrates in southern Arizona. Isozyme analyses suggest that subsp. cochisensis is an autotriploid derivative of the diploid subsp. chihuahuensis (D. M. Benham 1989). Both the isozymes and substrate preferences of subsp. arizonica indicate, however, that it is not a simple autotetraploid and that other taxa remain to be discovered within the Astrolepis cochisensis complex.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).
Astrolepis sinuata comprises two cytotypes that tend to occupy different ranges and are treated here as subspecies. Sexual diploid populations (subsp. mexicana) are widely distributed in Mexico, but in the flora they are apparently confined to the Davis and Chisos mountains of Texas and to southeast New Mexico. The range of the apogamous triploid (subsp. sinuata) extends from Argentina to the southwestern United States, with a disjunct population in Georgia. Isozyme studies suggest that subsp. sinuata was derived from the diploid subsp. mexicana through autopolyploidy (D. M. Benham 1989).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Sporangia containing 64 spores; spores averaging 39– 46 µm diam.; plants of calcareous substrates in Texas, s New Mexico. | subsp. chihuahuensis |
1. Sporangia containing 32 spores; spores averaging 59– 86 µm diam.; plants of calcareous and noncalcareous substrates in California, Arizona, Nevada, w New Mexico, extreme w Texas, Oklahoma, Utah, n Mexico. | → 2 |
2. Spores averaging 59–70 µm diam.; plants primarily of calcareous substrates throughout Southwest. | subsp. cochisensis |
2. Spores averaging 72–86 µm diam.; plants primarily of noncalcareous substrates in s Arizona. | subsp. arizonica |
1. Sporangia containing 32 spores; spores averaging 50– 65 µm diam.; plants widespread in sw United States and disjunct in Georgia. | subsp. sinuata |
1. Sporangia containing 64 spores; spores averaging 37– 44 µm diam.; plants apparently restricted to w Texas and se New Mexico. | subsp. mexicana |
CA
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USDA Plants Database
