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balloonpod milkvetch, Whitney's milk vetch

balloon milk-vetch, balloon-pod milk-vetch, Whitney's locoweed, Whitney's milk vetch

Habit Plants 2–30(–40) cm, strigulose, hirsutulous, or villosulous; from shallow subterranean caudex.
Herbage

strigulose, hairs appressed or narrowly ascending, straight or subsinuous, (0.3–)0.4–0.6 mm.

Stems

low and diffuse or erect (when supported by sagebrush), 5–25 cm.

ascending, erect, decumbent, or prostrate, sometimes diffuse, 2–6 cm underground, strigulose.

Leaves

(1.5–)3–11 cm;

leaflets 9–17(or 19), blades 2–13(–15) mm.

(1–)1.5–10(–11) cm;

stipules connate-sheathing and papery at proximal nodes, connate or distinct and subherbaceous at distal nodes, 1–5 mm;

leaflets (5–)9–21, blades oblong-oblanceolate, elliptic, narrowly obovate, or linear-elliptic, 2–21 mm, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces usually strigulose, sometimes glabrescent or glabrous adaxially.

Racemes

(3–)5–15-flowered;

axis 1–4(–4.5) cm in fruit.

(3 or)4–16-flowered;

axis 0.5–7 cm in fruit;

bracts 1–3 mm;

bracteoles 0.

Peduncles

incurved-ascending or erect, 1–9.5(–12) cm.

Pedicels

0.5–2.5 mm.

Flowers

calyx 4.5–6.4 mm, tube (3.5–)3.7–4.2(–4.7) mm, lobes 0.8–1.5(–1.8) mm;

corolla lilac or pink-purple, wing tips pale or white;

banner (8.3–)10–14.2(–16.5) mm.

(8.3–)9–17.2 mm;

calyx campanulate, 4.5–9.3 mm, strigulose, hairs white, sometimes also black, tube 3.5–5.9 mm, lobes triangular, 0.5–3.6 mm;

corolla ochroleucous, pinkish white, lilac, or pink-purple, wing tips often paler than banner;

banner recurved through 50–80°;

keel 7.3–13.8, apex narrowly triangular, acute or subacute, often slightly beaked.

Legumes

15–30(–40) × 10–18(–22) mm, glabrous;

stipe 2–4.5 mm.

green, usually red- or purple-mottled, becoming stramineous, balloon-shaped, bladdery-inflated, 15–60(–75) × (8–)10–25(–35) mm, apex broad, round, beak obsolete, papery-membranous, translucent, glabrous or strigulose;

stipe 2–9 mm.

Seeds

18–30.

(13–)15–30(–37).

2n

= 22.

Astragalus whitneyi var. whitneyi

Astragalus whitneyi

Phenology Flowering May–Sep.
Habitat Slopes and ridges at or above timberline, sagebrush valleys and foothills.
Elevation 2000–3700 m. (6600–12100 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; NV
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
w United States
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Ranging from the mountains of southern California through the Sierra Nevada to northwestern Nevada, the widespread var. whitneyi can usually be distinguished by its red-purple or pink-purple petals and the fruits of relatively medium size. Morphological characters overlap, and some specimens of vars. siskiyouensis and whitneyi can be distinguished only by origin.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 5 (5 in the flora).

Astragalus whitneyi has a wide, discontinuous distribution and has adapted to a variety of environments. The beakless fruit contrasts with that of A. cusickii, which has a laterally compressed beak. The races of A. whitneyi are often difficult to define in contrasting terms. Astragalus whitneyi contains nitrotoxins that are poisonous to livestock (L. F. James and S. L. Welsh 1992).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Legumes strigulose.
→ 2
2. Raceme rachises 0.5–2(–2.5) cm in fruit; calyces 4–6 mm; banners 9–12.8 mm; stems slender, prostrate to weakly descending, 2–12(–17) cm; leaves 1–4 cm; wc Idaho, ne, ec Oregon, Washington.
var. sonneanus
2. Raceme rachises (1–)1.5–4 cm in fruit; caly­ces (5.8–)6.1–9.3 mm; banners (12.8–)13.5–17.2 mm; stems robust, decumbent, ascending, or erect, (5–)10–30 cm; leaves (2–)3–10 cm; ne California, adjoining Oregon, to ne Nevada and sw, sc Idaho.
var. confusus
1. Legumes glabrous.
→ 3
3. Raceme rachises (2–)3–7 cm in fruit; corollas ochroleucous; legumes (15–)25–60(–75) mm; n Coastal Ranges, California, sw Oregon.
var. siskiyouensis
3. Raceme rachises 0.5–4(–4.5) cm in fruit; corollas often lilac or pink-purple; legumes 15–35(–40) mm; Sierra Nevada, California (not north of Nevada County), n Nevada.
→ 4
4. Herbage strigulose, hairs appressed or nar­rowly ascending, straight or subsin­uous, (0.3–)0.4–0.6 mm; leaves (1.5–)3–8.5(–11) cm; California Sierra Nevada south­ward from Alpine County, n Nevada.
var. whitneyi
4. Herbage hirsutulous, hairs spreading or ascending, stiff, ± straight, 0.5–0.7 mm; leaves (1.5–)2–4 cm; Sierra Nevada in Nevada and Placer counties, California.
var. lenophyllus
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Astragalus > sect. Cusickiani > Astragalus whitneyi Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Astragalus > sect. Cusickiani
Sibling taxa
A. whitneyi var. confusus, A. whitneyi var. lenophyllus, A. whitneyi var. siskiyouensis, A. whitneyi var. sonneanus
A. accidens, A. accumbens, A. ackermanii, A. acutirostris, A. adanus, A. aequalis, A. agnicidus, A. agrestis, A. albens, A. albulus, A. allochrous, A. alpinus, A. altus, A. alvordensis, A. amblytropis, A. americanus, A. amnis-amissi, A. amphioxys, A. ampullarioides, A. ampullarius, A. andersonii, A. anisus, A. anserinus, A. applegatei, A. aquilonius, A. aretioides, A. argophyllus, A. aridus, A. arizonicus, A. arrectus, A. arthurii, A. asclepiadoides, A. asotinensis, A. asymmetricus, A. atratus, A. atropubescens, A. atwoodii, A. austiniae, A. australis, A. barnebyi, A. barrii, A. beathii, A. beatleyae, A. beckwithii, A. bernardinus, A. bibullatus, A. bicristatus, A. bisulcatus, A. bodinii, A. bolanderi, A. bourgovii, A. brandegeei, A. brauntonii, A. brazoensis, A. breweri, A. californicus, A. callithrix, A. calycosus, A. camptopus, A. canadensis, A. caricinus, A. casei, A. castaneiformis, A. castetteri, A. ceramicus, A. cerussatus, A. chamaeleuce, A. chamaemeniscus, A. chinensis, A. chloödes, A. chuskanus, A. cibarius, A. cicer, A. cimae, A. claranus, A. clevelandii, A. cliffordii, A. cobrensis, A. coccineus, A. collinus, A. coltonii, A. columbianus, A. concordius, A. congdonii, A. conjunctus, A. consobrinus, A. contortuplicatus, A. convallarius, A. cottamii, A. crassicarpus, A. cremnophylax, A. cronquistii, A. crotalariae, A. curtipes, A. curvicarpus, A. cusickii, A. cutleri, A. cyaneus, A. cymboides, A. deanei, A. debequaeus, A. desereticus, A. desperatus, A. deterior, A. detritalis, A. diaphanus, A. didymocarpus, A. distortus, A. diversifolius, A. douglasii, A. drabelliformis, A. drummondii, A. duchesnensis, A. eastwoodiae, A. egglestonii, A. emoryanus, A. endopterus, A. ensiformis, A. episcopus, A. equisolensis, A. eremiticus, A. ertterae, A. eucosmus, A. eurekensis, A. eurylobus, A. falcatus, A. feensis, A. filipes, A. flavus, A. flexuosus, A. fucatus, A. funereus, A. gambelianus, A. geyeri, A. gibbsii, A. giganteus, A. gilensis, A. gilmanii, A. gilviflorus, A. glycyphyllos, A. gracilis, A. grayi, A. gypsodes, A. hallii, A. hamiltonii, A. harrisonii, A. heilii, A. henrimontanensis, A. holmgreniorum, A. hoodianus, A. hornii, A. howellii, A. humillimus, A. humistratus, A. hyalinus, A. hypoxylus, A. inflexus, A. insularis, A. inversus, A. inyoensis, A. iodanthus, A. iodopetalus, A. iselyi, A. jaegerianus, A. jejunus, A. johannis-howellii, A. kelseyae, A. kentrophyta, A. kerrii, A. knightii, A. laccoliticus, A. lancearius, A. laxmannii, A. layneae, A. leibergii, A. lemmonii, A. lentiformis, A. lentiginosus, A. leptaleus, A. leptocarpus, A. leucolobus, A. limnocharis, A. lindheimeri, A. linifolius, A. loanus, A. lonchocarpus, A. lotiflorus, A. lutosus, A. lyallii, A. macrodon, A. magdalenae, A. malacoides, A. malacus, A. megacarpus, A. michauxii, A. microcymbus, A. microcystis, A. microlobium, A. micromerius, A. miguelensis, A. minthorniae, A. misellus, A. miser, A. missouriensis, A. moencoppensis, A. mohavensis, A. mollissimus, A. molybdenus, A. monoensis, A. montii, A. monumentalis, A. mulfordiae, A. multiflorus, A. musiniensis, A. naturitensis, A. neglectus, A. nelsonianus, A. neomexicanus, A. nevinii, A. newberryi, A. nidularius, A. nothoxys, A. nudisiliquus, A. nutans, A. nutriosensis, A. nuttallianus, A. nuttallii, A. nutzotinensis, A. nyensis, A. obcordatus, A. obscurus, A. oniciformis, A. oocalycis, A. oocarpus, A. oophorus, A. oreganus, A. osterhoutii, A. oxyphysus, A. pachypus, A. palmeri, A. panamintensis, A. pardalinus, A. parryi, A. pattersonii, A. pauperculus, A. paysonii, A. peckii, A. pectinatus, A. perianus, A. phoenix, A. pictiformis, A. pinonis, A. piscator, A. piutensis, A. plattensis, A. platytropis, A. polaris, A. pomonensis, A. porrectus, A. praelongus, A. preussii, A. proimanthus, A. proximus, A. pseudiodanthus, A. pterocarpus, A. pubentissimus, A. pulsiferae, A. puniceus, A. purshii, A. pycnostachyus, A. racemosus, A. rafaelensis, A. rattanii, A. ravenii, A. recurvus, A. reflexus, A. remotus, A. reventiformis, A. reventus, A. riparius, A. ripleyi, A. robbinsii, A. rusbyi, A. sabulonum, A. sabulosus, A. salmonis, A. saurinus, A. scaphoides, A. schmolliae, A. sclerocarpus, A. scopulorum, A. sepultipes, A. serenoi, A. sericoleucus, A. serpens, A. sesquiflorus, A. sheldonii, A. shevockii, A. shortianus, A. siliceus, A. simplicifolius, A. sinuatus, A. solitarius, A. sophoroides, A. soxmaniorum, A. spaldingii, A. sparsiflorus, A. spatulatus, A. speirocarpus, A. straturensis, A. striatiflorus, A. subcinereus, A. subvestitus, A. succumbens, A. tegetarioides, A. tener, A. tennesseensis, A. tephrodes, A. terminalis, A. tetrapterus, A. thurberi, A. tibetanus, A. tidestromii, A. tiehmii, A. titanophilus, A. toanus, A. toquimanus, A. tortipes, A. traskiae, A. tricarinatus, A. trichopodus, A. tridactylicus, A. troglodytus, A. tweedyi, A. tyghensis, A. umbellatus, A. umbraticus, A. uncialis, A. utahensis, A. vaccarum, A. vallaris, A. vexilliflexus, A. villosus, A. wardii, A. waterfallii, A. webberi, A. welshii, A. wetherillii, A. williamsii, A. wingatanus, A. wittmannii, A. woodruffii, A. wootonii, A. wrightii, A. xiphoides, A. yoderwilliamsii, A. zionis
Subordinate taxa
A. whitneyi var. confusus, A. whitneyi var. lenophyllus, A. whitneyi var. siskiyouensis, A. whitneyi var. sonneanus, A. whitneyi var. whitneyi
Name authority unknown A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 526. (1865)
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