buffalo bean, buffalo plum, ground plum, ground plum milk-vetch
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Nuttall locoweed, small-flower milkvetch, turkeypeas
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Plants (5–)10–50(–60) cm, pubescent; from subterranean or superficial, woody caudex or root-crown, caudex determinate, shortly forking (except var. berlandieri). |
Plants annual or winter-annual, usually slender, (1–)2–30(–45) cm, strigose, strigulose, pilosulous, or hirsutulous, hairs basifixed; taproot slender. |
ascending or decumbent, 1–9 cm underground, sparsely strigulose. |
rarely more than 15, erect, ascending, prostrate, or decumbent, glabrate, sparsely strigulose, villosulous, or pilose. |
(2–)3.5–18 cm; stipules distinct, 3–10 mm, submembranous, glabrous abaxially; petiolate or subsessile; leaflets (11–)15–33, blades oblanceolate, oblong-oblanceolate, obovate, suborbiculate, or broadly oval to linear-elliptic, (2–)3–24 mm, apex obtuse, acute, subacute, or truncate-emarginate, sometimes apiculate, surfaces pubescent abaxially, glabrous or glabrescent adaxially. |
1–6.5(–9.5) cm; stipules (1–)1.5–6(–9) mm, papery at proximal nodes, herbaceous at distal nodes; leaflets (5 or)7–19(–23), blades linear-elliptic and linear-oblong to obovate, 2–14(–17) mm, apex acute to emarginate, surfaces pubescent abaxially, glabrous or pubescent adaxially. |
(5–)6–25(–35)-flowered, flowers ascending or slightly arched; axis 1–7(–14) cm in fruit; bracts 2.5–7.5 mm; bracteoles 0–2. |
(1 or)2–10(–27)-flowered, flowers ascending to declined; axis 0–2(–)3 cm in fruit; bracts 0.5–2.5 mm; bracteoles 0 or 1. |
ascending to spreading, (1.5–)2–16 cm. |
erect or incurved-ascending, (0.2–)0.5–9(–10) cm. |
2–7.5 mm. |
0.4–1.6 mm. |
(16–)16.5–25(–27) mm; calyx usually broadly or deeply campanulate or cylindro-campanulate, rarely cylindric, (6.6–)7.7–14 mm, densely strigulose, pilosulous, ascending-pilose, or villosulous-tomentulose, tube (5.2–)5.6–9.7 mm, lobes subulate or triangular-subulate, (1.3–)1.7–4.2(–5.8) mm; corolla pink-purple, red-purple, white, whitish (faintly lilac-tinged), lilac, ochroleucous, or suffused pinkish lilac; keel (10.7–)12–20.7 mm. |
3.7–13 mm; calyx (1.7–)3–5.6(–5.7) mm, strigulose, hirsutulous, or pilose, tube (1–)1.3–3.1 mm, lobes linear-setaceous to narrowly lanceolate, (0.7–)1–3.2 mm; corolla whitish, lilac, or pink-purple; banner recurved through 40–45°; keel 3.7–6.8(–9.3) mm, apex obtusely round to sharply deltate, beaklike or not. |
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glabrous. |
green, often red-mottled or suffused with red on adaxial surface, becoming brown or blackish, straight, globose, subglobose, broadly and plumply oblong-ellipsoid, oblong-ovoid, or oblong-obovoid, ± obcompressed, 15–40 × 12–27 mm, fleshy becoming alveolate-spongy or pithy, wrinkled on drying, mesocarp at least 1.2 mm thick, glabrous. |
ascending, spreading, or declined, green or purple-tinged becoming stramineous or brownish then black, ± straight or incurved through 0.3–0.5 spiral, linear or linear-oblanceoloid, 3-sided compressed, dehiscent on plant, (7–)10–26 × (1.6–)2.1–3.5 mm, usually bilocular, rarely ± unilocular, thin becoming papery, glabrous, strigulose, or villosulous, hairs straight; stipe (0–)0.5–0.9 mm. |
34–77. |
10–22. |
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w North America; c North America
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w United States; n Mexico
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Varieties 5 (5 in the flora). The fleshy fruits of Astragalus crassicarpus are burnished with red or purple and resemble small plums prior to maturity. Early travelers valued the immature fruits as a summer vegetable. Ultimately, the surface collapses as the mesocarp dries. The fruits are frequently broader than long (S. L. Welsh 1960). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 9 (9 in the flora). The Astragalus nuttallianus complex is a series of forms found in a wide region of the southwestern and south-central United States and adjacent Mexico. There are two groups discernable: a western phalanx wherein varietal differentiation is apparently ecologically and geographically controlled, and there is intergradation where one form meets another; and the central and eastern Texas group where several varieties are sympatric, but apparently do not form intermediates. Astragalus nuttallianus is often confused with A. emoryanus (see discussion under 316. A. emoryanus). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
1. Calyces usually densely villosulous-tomentulose, hairs entangled, cream or brownish; corollas usually ochroleucous or suffused with pinkish lilac; racemes 13–25-flowered; peduncles 6–16 cm; stems usually ascending, rarely decumbent, (2.5–)3.5–6 cm; legumes 25–32 mm. | var. trichocalyx |
1. Calyces strigulose, pilosulous, or ascending-pilose, hairs mixed black and white or all black; corollas pink- or red-purple, lilac, or whitish; racemes (5–)6–23(–35)-flowered; peduncles (1.5–)2–9(–11) cm; stems usually decumbent (sometimes ascending in var. cavus), 5–40(–50) cm; legumes 15–40 mm. | → 2 |
2. Stems arising singly or few from subterranean caudex, branches creeping, forming loose mats or colonial; seeds 34–50; Balcones Escarpment and vicinity, c, e Texas. | var. berlandieri |
2. Stems clustered from root-crown or superficial or subterranean caudex, not forming mats or colonial, caudex determinate; seeds 38–68; Alberta to Arizona eastward to Oklahoma panhandle. | → 3 |
3. Corollas pink- or red-purple; herbage bright green (under vestiture). | var. crassicarpus |
3. Corollas white or whitish and faintly lilac-tinged; herbage pallid green or yellowish. | → 4 |
4. Legumes globose or plumply ovoid-oblong or obovoid-oblong; Alberta southward to Oklahoma panhandle and adjacent New Mexico. | var. paysonii |
4. Legumes broadly and plumply oblong-ovoid, oblong-obovoid, or subglobose; ec Arizona, c New Mexico. | var. cavus |
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1. Leaflet blade apex often retuse or truncate-emarginate, sometimes acute. | → 2 |
2. Herbage hirsutulous; legumes loosely strigulose; banners (4–)4.9–6.7 mm; s Texas. | var. zapatanus |
2. Herbage sparsely strigulose or strigose-pilosulous; legumes glabrous; banners (4.3–)4.8–13 mm; Alabama, Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas. | → 3 |
3. Banners (4.3–)4.8–7.3 mm, keel apex triangular-acute or sharply deltate; raceme axis to 0.8(–1) cm in fruit; Oklahoma to sc, e Texas, Kansas, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Alabama. | var. nuttallianus |
3. Banners (6.4–)8.5–13 mm, keel apex obtusely rounded; raceme axis to (0.5–)1–3 cm in fruit; c, w Texas. | var. macilentus |
1. Leaflet blade apex acute, obtuse, round, retuse, or emarginate, usually not retuse or truncate-emarginate for all leaflets. | → 4 |
4. Keel apex obtusely rounded; raceme axis (0–)0.5–3 cm in fruit; legumes usually glabrous, sometimes minutely strigulose; n Arizona, se Colorado, New Mexico, c, w Texas, and s Utah. | → 5 |
5. Banners 6.3–7.6(–9.2) mm; Four Corners area. | var. micranthiformis |
5. Banners (6.4–)8.5–13 mm; c, w Texas. | var. macilentus |
4. Keel apex sharply deltate or triangular-acute or -subacute, sometimes beaklike; raceme axis (0–)0.2–1(–2) cm in fruit; legumes glabrous, strigulose, or hirsutulous; Arizona, California, Louisiana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah. | → 6 |
6. Calyces strigulose or hirsutulous, lobes (0.7–)1–1.7(–2) mm; s, c Arizona to Utah, se California, s Nevada. | → 7 |
7. Leaflets monomorphic, blades elliptic throughout; calyx tube 1.9–2.8 mm; e Mojave Desert, California, to Utah and w, c Arizona, s Nevada. | var. imperfectus |
7. Leaflets dimorphic, blades of proximal leaves cuneate or obcordate, blades of distal leaves linear-elliptic; calyx tube (1–)1.4–1.7 mm; sw Colorado Desert, California, to s Arizona. | var. cedrosensis |
6. Calyces hirsute, hirsutulous, or pilose, lobes 1.8–2.1(–3.1) mm; Arizona, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas. | → 8 |
8. Banners 7–9(–9.5) mm; racemes 4–9(–12)-flowered; legumes glabrous; Cameron Parish, Louisiana, e Texas, from Red River to Edwards Plateau and Sabine River. | var. pleianthus |
8. Banners (4–)5–7 mm; racemes (1 or)2–6(–8)-flowered; legumes glabrous, strigulose, or hirsutulous; s Kansas to s Texas, westward to s California. | → 9 |
9. Legumes hirsutulous; leaflets 11 or 13; e, s Texas, mostly on Coastal Plain, and w Oklahoma to sw New Mexico. | var. trichocarpus |
9. Legumes glabrous or strigulose; leaflets 7–11(–17); s Kansas to s Texas, westward to s California. | var. austrinus |
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FNA vol. 11. |
FNA vol. 11. |
Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Astragalus > sect. Sarcocarpi |
Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Astragalus > sect. Leptocarpi |
A. accidens, A. accumbens, A. ackermanii, A. acutirostris, A. adanus, A. aequalis, A. agnicidus, A. agrestis, A. albens, A. albulus, A. allochrous, A. alpinus, A. altus, A. alvordensis, A. amblytropis, A. americanus, A. amnis-amissi, A. amphioxys, A. ampullarioides, A. ampullarius, A. andersonii, A. anisus, A. anserinus, A. applegatei, A. aquilonius, A. aretioides, A. argophyllus, A. aridus, A. arizonicus, A. arrectus, A. arthurii, A. asclepiadoides, A. asotinensis, A. asymmetricus, A. atratus, A. atropubescens, A. atwoodii, A. austiniae, A. australis, A. barnebyi, A. barrii, A. beathii, A. beatleyae, A. beckwithii, A. bernardinus, A. bibullatus, A. bicristatus, A. bisulcatus, A. bodinii, A. bolanderi, A. bourgovii, A. brandegeei, A. brauntonii, A. brazoensis, A. breweri, A. californicus, A. callithrix, A. calycosus, A. camptopus, A. canadensis, A. caricinus, A. casei, A. castaneiformis, A. castetteri, A. ceramicus, A. cerussatus, A. chamaeleuce, A. chamaemeniscus, A. chinensis, A. chloödes, A. chuskanus, A. cibarius, A. cicer, A. cimae, A. claranus, A. clevelandii, A. cliffordii, A. cobrensis, A. coccineus, A. collinus, A. coltonii, A. columbianus, A. concordius, A. congdonii, A. conjunctus, A. consobrinus, A. contortuplicatus, A. convallarius, A. cottamii, A. cremnophylax, A. cronquistii, A. crotalariae, A. curtipes, A. curvicarpus, A. cusickii, A. cutleri, A. cyaneus, A. cymboides, A. deanei, A. debequaeus, A. desereticus, A. desperatus, A. deterior, A. detritalis, A. diaphanus, A. didymocarpus, A. distortus, A. diversifolius, A. douglasii, A. drabelliformis, A. drummondii, A. duchesnensis, A. eastwoodiae, A. egglestonii, A. emoryanus, A. endopterus, A. ensiformis, A. episcopus, A. equisolensis, A. eremiticus, A. ertterae, A. eucosmus, A. eurekensis, A. eurylobus, A. falcatus, A. feensis, A. filipes, A. flavus, A. flexuosus, A. fucatus, A. funereus, A. gambelianus, A. geyeri, A. gibbsii, A. giganteus, A. gilensis, A. gilmanii, A. gilviflorus, A. glycyphyllos, A. gracilis, A. grayi, A. gypsodes, A. hallii, A. hamiltonii, A. harrisonii, A. heilii, A. henrimontanensis, A. holmgreniorum, A. hoodianus, A. hornii, A. howellii, A. humillimus, A. humistratus, A. hyalinus, A. hypoxylus, A. inflexus, A. insularis, A. inversus, A. inyoensis, A. iodanthus, A. iodopetalus, A. iselyi, A. jaegerianus, A. jejunus, A. johannis-howellii, A. kelseyae, A. kentrophyta, A. kerrii, A. knightii, A. laccoliticus, A. lancearius, A. laxmannii, A. layneae, A. leibergii, A. lemmonii, A. lentiformis, A. lentiginosus, A. leptaleus, A. leptocarpus, A. leucolobus, A. limnocharis, A. lindheimeri, A. linifolius, A. loanus, A. lonchocarpus, A. lotiflorus, A. lutosus, A. lyallii, A. macrodon, A. magdalenae, A. malacoides, A. malacus, A. megacarpus, A. michauxii, A. microcymbus, A. microcystis, A. microlobium, A. micromerius, A. miguelensis, A. minthorniae, A. misellus, A. miser, A. missouriensis, A. moencoppensis, A. mohavensis, A. mollissimus, A. molybdenus, A. monoensis, A. montii, A. monumentalis, A. mulfordiae, A. multiflorus, A. musiniensis, A. naturitensis, A. neglectus, A. nelsonianus, A. neomexicanus, A. nevinii, A. newberryi, A. nidularius, A. nothoxys, A. nudisiliquus, A. nutans, A. nutriosensis, A. nuttallianus, A. nuttallii, A. nutzotinensis, A. nyensis, A. obcordatus, A. obscurus, A. oniciformis, A. oocalycis, A. oocarpus, A. oophorus, A. oreganus, A. osterhoutii, A. oxyphysus, A. pachypus, A. palmeri, A. panamintensis, A. pardalinus, A. parryi, A. pattersonii, A. pauperculus, A. paysonii, A. peckii, A. pectinatus, A. perianus, A. phoenix, A. pictiformis, A. pinonis, A. piscator, A. piutensis, A. plattensis, A. platytropis, A. polaris, A. pomonensis, A. porrectus, A. praelongus, A. preussii, A. proimanthus, A. proximus, A. pseudiodanthus, A. pterocarpus, A. pubentissimus, A. pulsiferae, A. puniceus, A. purshii, A. pycnostachyus, A. racemosus, A. rafaelensis, A. rattanii, A. ravenii, A. recurvus, A. reflexus, A. remotus, A. reventiformis, A. reventus, A. riparius, A. ripleyi, A. robbinsii, A. rusbyi, A. sabulonum, A. sabulosus, A. salmonis, A. saurinus, A. scaphoides, A. schmolliae, A. sclerocarpus, A. scopulorum, A. sepultipes, A. serenoi, A. sericoleucus, A. serpens, A. sesquiflorus, A. sheldonii, A. shevockii, A. shortianus, A. siliceus, A. simplicifolius, A. sinuatus, A. solitarius, A. sophoroides, A. soxmaniorum, A. spaldingii, A. sparsiflorus, A. spatulatus, A. speirocarpus, A. straturensis, A. striatiflorus, A. subcinereus, A. subvestitus, A. succumbens, A. tegetarioides, A. tener, A. tennesseensis, A. tephrodes, A. terminalis, A. tetrapterus, A. thurberi, A. tibetanus, A. tidestromii, A. tiehmii, A. titanophilus, A. toanus, A. toquimanus, A. tortipes, A. traskiae, A. tricarinatus, A. trichopodus, A. tridactylicus, A. troglodytus, A. tweedyi, A. tyghensis, A. umbellatus, A. umbraticus, A. uncialis, A. utahensis, A. vaccarum, A. vallaris, A. vexilliflexus, A. villosus, A. wardii, A. waterfallii, A. webberi, A. welshii, A. wetherillii, A. whitneyi, A. williamsii, A. wingatanus, A. wittmannii, A. woodruffii, A. wootonii, A. wrightii, A. xiphoides, A. yoderwilliamsii, A. zionis |
A. accidens, A. accumbens, A. ackermanii, A. acutirostris, A. adanus, A. aequalis, A. agnicidus, A. agrestis, A. albens, A. albulus, A. allochrous, A. alpinus, A. altus, A. alvordensis, A. amblytropis, A. americanus, A. amnis-amissi, A. amphioxys, A. ampullarioides, A. ampullarius, A. andersonii, A. anisus, A. anserinus, A. applegatei, A. aquilonius, A. aretioides, A. argophyllus, A. aridus, A. arizonicus, A. arrectus, A. arthurii, A. asclepiadoides, A. asotinensis, A. asymmetricus, A. atratus, A. atropubescens, A. atwoodii, A. austiniae, A. australis, A. barnebyi, A. barrii, A. beathii, A. beatleyae, A. beckwithii, A. bernardinus, A. bibullatus, A. bicristatus, A. bisulcatus, A. bodinii, A. bolanderi, A. bourgovii, A. brandegeei, A. brauntonii, A. brazoensis, A. breweri, A. californicus, A. callithrix, A. calycosus, A. camptopus, A. canadensis, A. caricinus, A. casei, A. castaneiformis, A. castetteri, A. ceramicus, A. cerussatus, A. chamaeleuce, A. chamaemeniscus, A. chinensis, A. chloödes, A. chuskanus, A. cibarius, A. cicer, A. cimae, A. claranus, A. clevelandii, A. cliffordii, A. cobrensis, A. coccineus, A. collinus, A. coltonii, A. columbianus, A. concordius, A. congdonii, A. conjunctus, A. consobrinus, A. contortuplicatus, A. convallarius, A. cottamii, A. crassicarpus, A. cremnophylax, A. cronquistii, A. crotalariae, A. curtipes, A. curvicarpus, A. cusickii, A. cutleri, A. cyaneus, A. cymboides, A. deanei, A. debequaeus, A. desereticus, A. desperatus, A. deterior, A. detritalis, A. diaphanus, A. didymocarpus, A. distortus, A. diversifolius, A. douglasii, A. drabelliformis, A. drummondii, A. duchesnensis, A. eastwoodiae, A. egglestonii, A. emoryanus, A. endopterus, A. ensiformis, A. episcopus, A. equisolensis, A. eremiticus, A. ertterae, A. eucosmus, A. eurekensis, A. eurylobus, A. falcatus, A. feensis, A. filipes, A. flavus, A. flexuosus, A. fucatus, A. funereus, A. gambelianus, A. geyeri, A. gibbsii, A. giganteus, A. gilensis, A. gilmanii, A. gilviflorus, A. glycyphyllos, A. gracilis, A. grayi, A. gypsodes, A. hallii, A. hamiltonii, A. harrisonii, A. heilii, A. henrimontanensis, A. holmgreniorum, A. hoodianus, A. hornii, A. howellii, A. humillimus, A. humistratus, A. hyalinus, A. hypoxylus, A. inflexus, A. insularis, A. inversus, A. inyoensis, A. iodanthus, A. iodopetalus, A. iselyi, A. jaegerianus, A. jejunus, A. johannis-howellii, A. kelseyae, A. kentrophyta, A. kerrii, A. knightii, A. laccoliticus, A. lancearius, A. laxmannii, A. layneae, A. leibergii, A. lemmonii, A. lentiformis, A. lentiginosus, A. leptaleus, A. leptocarpus, A. leucolobus, A. limnocharis, A. lindheimeri, A. linifolius, A. loanus, A. lonchocarpus, A. lotiflorus, A. lutosus, A. lyallii, A. macrodon, A. magdalenae, A. malacoides, A. malacus, A. megacarpus, A. michauxii, A. microcymbus, A. microcystis, A. microlobium, A. micromerius, A. miguelensis, A. minthorniae, A. misellus, A. miser, A. missouriensis, A. moencoppensis, A. mohavensis, A. mollissimus, A. molybdenus, A. monoensis, A. montii, A. monumentalis, A. mulfordiae, A. multiflorus, A. musiniensis, A. naturitensis, A. neglectus, A. nelsonianus, A. neomexicanus, A. nevinii, A. newberryi, A. nidularius, A. nothoxys, A. nudisiliquus, A. nutans, A. nutriosensis, A. nuttallii, A. nutzotinensis, A. nyensis, A. obcordatus, A. obscurus, A. oniciformis, A. oocalycis, A. oocarpus, A. oophorus, A. oreganus, A. osterhoutii, A. oxyphysus, A. pachypus, A. palmeri, A. panamintensis, A. pardalinus, A. parryi, A. pattersonii, A. pauperculus, A. paysonii, A. peckii, A. pectinatus, A. perianus, A. phoenix, A. pictiformis, A. pinonis, A. piscator, A. piutensis, A. plattensis, A. platytropis, A. polaris, A. pomonensis, A. porrectus, A. praelongus, A. preussii, A. proimanthus, A. proximus, A. pseudiodanthus, A. pterocarpus, A. pubentissimus, A. pulsiferae, A. puniceus, A. purshii, A. pycnostachyus, A. racemosus, A. rafaelensis, A. rattanii, A. ravenii, A. recurvus, A. reflexus, A. remotus, A. reventiformis, A. reventus, A. riparius, A. ripleyi, A. robbinsii, A. rusbyi, A. sabulonum, A. sabulosus, A. salmonis, A. saurinus, A. scaphoides, A. schmolliae, A. sclerocarpus, A. scopulorum, A. sepultipes, A. serenoi, A. sericoleucus, A. serpens, A. sesquiflorus, A. sheldonii, A. shevockii, A. shortianus, A. siliceus, A. simplicifolius, A. sinuatus, A. solitarius, A. sophoroides, A. soxmaniorum, A. spaldingii, A. sparsiflorus, A. spatulatus, A. speirocarpus, A. straturensis, A. striatiflorus, A. subcinereus, A. subvestitus, A. succumbens, A. tegetarioides, A. tener, A. tennesseensis, A. tephrodes, A. terminalis, A. tetrapterus, A. thurberi, A. tibetanus, A. tidestromii, A. tiehmii, A. titanophilus, A. toanus, A. toquimanus, A. tortipes, A. traskiae, A. tricarinatus, A. trichopodus, A. tridactylicus, A. troglodytus, A. tweedyi, A. tyghensis, A. umbellatus, A. umbraticus, A. uncialis, A. utahensis, A. vaccarum, A. vallaris, A. vexilliflexus, A. villosus, A. wardii, A. waterfallii, A. webberi, A. welshii, A. wetherillii, A. whitneyi, A. williamsii, A. wingatanus, A. wittmannii, A. woodruffii, A. wootonii, A. wrightii, A. xiphoides, A. yoderwilliamsii, A. zionis |
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Geoprumnon crassicarpum |
A. micranthus |
Nuttall: Cat. Pl. Upper Louisiana, no. 6. (1813) |
de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 289. (1825) |
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