Canada milk-vetch, Canadian milk-vetch
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Robbins' milk-vetch
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Plants usually robust, rarely quite slender, (10–)15–120(–160) cm, strigose; from oblique or horizontal rhizomes. |
Plants clump-forming, slender to robust, 7–45(–60) cm, strigulose to pilose-villosulous; from superficial or somewhat subterranean caudex. |
usually erect, sometimes decumbent and ascending, green or purplish, fistulose when stout, 1–7+ cm underground, strigose. |
usually ascending, rarely decumbent, 0–2 cm underground, strigulose to pilose-villosulous. |
(3–)5–25(–35) cm; stipules 3–18 mm, membranous early becoming scarious; leaflets (7–)13–35, blades lanceolate, lanceolate-oblong, or elliptic, (5–)6–45(–52) mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, or truncate-emarginate, surfaces strigose, sometimes glabrous adaxially. |
2.5–12 cm; stipules 1.5–6 mm, papery at proximal nodes, herbaceous or submembranous at distal nodes; leaflets (5 or)7–17, blades lanceolate to oblong, (3–)5–30(–32) mm, apex obtuse or emarginate, surfaces usually strigulose, sometimes villous-pilosulous, cinereous, glabrate, or glabrous abaxially, glabrous, glabrescent, or sparsely strigose adaxially. |
20–100+-flowered, flowers spreading-declined; axis 2.5–16 cm in fruit; bracts 1.5–10 mm; bracteoles 0–2. |
(3–)5–25(–33)-flowered; axis 1–18(–20) cm in fruit, elongating little after flowering, arising distal to middle of stem; bracts 1–3.5 mm; bracteoles usually 0. |
erect or incurved-ascending, (2.5–)4–22 cm. |
incurved-ascending or erect, 3.5–21(–23) cm, usually surpassing subtending leaf, together with racemes usually shorter than stems. |
1.2–3.5(–4) mm. |
0.5–3 mm. |
11.3–17(–17.5) mm; calyx short-cylindric, (4.6–)5.5–10.5(–11) mm, strigose or pilosulous, tube 4–8.5 mm, lobes subulate or triangular, 1.2–4.4(–5) mm; corolla ochroleucous, greenish white, or stramineous; keel (9.5–)10.2–13.6 mm. |
(6–)7.2–11.5 mm; calyx 4–6.8 mm, strigulose, tube 3.2–4.5 mm, lobes subulate, 0.7–2.3 mm; corolla usually purple, pink-purple, pink, lilac, lavender, or whitish, sometimes whitish with maculate keel; wing apex obtuse; keel 5.4–7.9 mm, shorter than wings. |
brown then blackish, straight or incurved, cylindroid, terete, (9–)10–20 × 2.9–5.2 mm, somewhat fleshy becoming stiffly papery or leathery, usually strigose, strigulose, glabrate, or glabrous, rarely puberulent; sessile or subsessile. |
pendulous, green or purplish, straight or slightly decurved, ellipsoid, obtusely 3-sided, faces slightly convex, flattened or depressed but not sulcate abaxially, 13–25 × 3.5–5.5 mm, subunilocular or semibilocular, papery-membranous, sparsely strigulose, hairs black or black and white; valves inflexed as hyaline septum 0.2–2 mm wide; stipe (0.5–)1.5–6.5 mm. |
(16–)18–26(–28). |
6–11. |
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North America
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North America
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Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). The chromosome number of 2n = 16 is in harmony with the view that the alliance of Astragalus canadensis, along with its near relative A. oreganus, is with the Asiatic A. uliginosus Linnaeus. The relationship is sufficiently close that R. C. Barneby (1964) said of the Canada milkvetch, the New World’s most widely dispersed Astragalus, that taxonomy would most closely reflect biological realities if the New World forms were reduced to varietal status under a bicentrically dispersed A. uliginosus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 8 (8 in the flora). Astragalus robbinsii consists of a series of infraspecific taxa with two centers of dispersal in North America: Colorado to Alaska, and New England into eastern Canada. The distribution of three closely allied subordinate taxa within Vermont and New Hampshire is unmatched in the genus in North America. D. Isely (1998) questioned the taxonomic significance of the traditional varieties as recognized herein. The species is often confused in herbaria with A. alpinus, which has a keel longer than or as long as and wider than the wings (in A. robbinsii the keel is shorter than and little or no wider than the wings). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
1. Legumes not grooved dorsally, usually glabrous, rarely puberulent or strigulose; distribution primarily eastern, extending westward to New Mexico, Utah, Idaho, British Columbia, and Northwest Territories. | var. canadensis |
1. Legumes grooved dorsally, strigose or glabrate; distribution largely intermontane, extending eastward to Black Hills of South Dakota. | → 2 |
2. Stems (25–)30–70(–90) cm; calyx lobes (1.5–)2–4.4 mm, adaxial pair usually not much broader (though sometimes shorter) than the rest; legume beaks (3–)3.5–5 mm; forest belt of n Rocky Mountains (British Columbia southward to Oregon, eastward to Montana). | var. mortonii |
2. Stems (10–)15–55(–75) cm; calyx lobes 1–2.5(–3) mm, adaxial pair nearly always broadly triangular or deltate (and mostly shorter) than the rest; legume beaks 1.5–3 mm; sagebrush valleys, less commonly in meadows, and xeric pine forests (British Columbia southward to California, eastward to Colorado and Montana). | var. brevidens |
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1. Leaflet blade surfaces abaxially densely gray or white villous-pilosulous, hairs 0.6–0.8 mm; legume stipes 1.2–3 mm, septae 1.2–2 mm wide; s coastal Alaska. | var. harringtonii |
1. Leaflet blade surfaces abaxially sparsely strigulose, cinereous, glabrous, or glabrate, hairs 0.2–0.6(–0.7) mm; legume stipes (0.5–)1.5–5(–6.5) mm, septae 0.2–1(–1.5) mm wide; not in s coastal Alaska. | → 2 |
2. Legume stipes (1–)1.5–5(–6.5) mm; Alaska, New England, Nova Scotia, n Rocky Mountains. | → 3 |
3. Stems 7–10 cm; racemes 5–11-flowered, axes 1–1.5 cm in fruit (barely elongated); legume stipes 5 mm; seeds 5 or 6; Mt. Roberts, near Juneau, Alaska. | var. morganiae |
3. Stems 10–40(–60) cm; racemes (5–)7–21-flowered, axes (1–)3–18(–20) cm in fruit; legume stipes (1–)1.5–5(–6.5) mm; seeds (6 or)7–11. | → 4 |
4. Legumes 10–15 mm, sparsely strigulose, beaks to 1 mm; corollas whitish; Vermont historically. | var. robbinsii |
4. Legumes (10–)13–25 mm, sparsely or densely pubescent, beaks 0.8–3 mm; corollas pale purple, pink-purple, pink, or whitish and keel tip purple; widespread, including Vermont. | → 5 |
5. Legumes sparsely strigose-pilosulous, beaks 0.8–1.5 mm; leaflet blade surfaces uniformly strigulose abaxially, or glabrate throughout; Alaska, Canada, w United States, Maine and Vermont. | var. minor |
5. Legumes sparsely strigulose, beaks 1.5–3 mm; leaflet blade surfaces cinereous abaxially, pubescent adaxially (margins sparsely pubescent); local along Connecticut River in Vermont and New Hampshire. | var. jesupii |
2. Legume stipes 0.5–3(–6.5) mm; coastal Labrador, adjoining Newfoundland, e Quebec to Alberta, northward to Northwest Territories, southward to New Mexico, including Maine and Vermont. | → 6 |
6. Seeds 3–6; legumes 8–13 mm; Wallowa Mountains, ne Oregon. | var. alpiniformis |
6. Seeds (6 or)7–10; legumes (8–)10–25 mm; not Oregon. | → 7 |
7. Raceme axis 1.2–6(–8) cm in fruit; leaflet blade surfaces sparsely pubescent along margins adaxially or strigulose throughout; s Labrador, adjoining Newfoundland, Quebec. | var. fernaldii |
7. Raceme axis (2–)3–18(–20) cm in fruit; leaflet blade surfaces glabrous or glabrate adaxially; not s Labrador, adjoining Newfoundland, and Quebec. | → 8 |
8. Legumes (10–)13–25 mm, stipes (1–)1.5–5(–6.5) mm; racemes (5–)7–25(–33)-flowered, axes (2–)3–18(–20) cm in fruit; proximal stipules distinct or obscurely connate; not ne Nevada. | var. minor |
8. Legumes (8–)10–15(–18) mm, stipes 0.5–1.4 mm; racemes remotely (3–)6–12-flowered, axes (2–)6–15 mm in fruit; proximal stipules connate 1/2 their length; East Humboldt and Ruby mountains, ne Nevada. | var. occidentalis |
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FNA vol. 11. |
FNA vol. 11. |
Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Astragalus > sect. Uliginosi |
Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Astragalus > sect. Oroboidei |
A. accidens, A. accumbens, A. ackermanii, A. acutirostris, A. adanus, A. aequalis, A. agnicidus, A. agrestis, A. albens, A. albulus, A. allochrous, A. alpinus, A. altus, A. alvordensis, A. amblytropis, A. americanus, A. amnis-amissi, A. amphioxys, A. ampullarioides, A. ampullarius, A. andersonii, A. anisus, A. anserinus, A. applegatei, A. aquilonius, A. aretioides, A. argophyllus, A. aridus, A. arizonicus, A. arrectus, A. arthurii, A. asclepiadoides, A. asotinensis, A. asymmetricus, A. atratus, A. atropubescens, A. atwoodii, A. austiniae, A. australis, A. barnebyi, A. barrii, A. beathii, A. beatleyae, A. beckwithii, A. bernardinus, A. bibullatus, A. bicristatus, A. bisulcatus, A. bodinii, A. bolanderi, A. bourgovii, A. brandegeei, A. brauntonii, A. brazoensis, A. breweri, A. californicus, A. callithrix, A. calycosus, A. camptopus, A. caricinus, A. casei, A. castaneiformis, A. castetteri, A. ceramicus, A. cerussatus, A. chamaeleuce, A. chamaemeniscus, A. chinensis, A. chloödes, A. chuskanus, A. cibarius, A. cicer, A. cimae, A. claranus, A. clevelandii, A. cliffordii, A. cobrensis, A. coccineus, A. collinus, A. coltonii, A. columbianus, A. concordius, A. congdonii, A. conjunctus, A. consobrinus, A. contortuplicatus, A. convallarius, A. cottamii, A. crassicarpus, A. cremnophylax, A. cronquistii, A. crotalariae, A. curtipes, A. curvicarpus, A. cusickii, A. cutleri, A. cyaneus, A. cymboides, A. deanei, A. debequaeus, A. desereticus, A. desperatus, A. deterior, A. detritalis, A. diaphanus, A. didymocarpus, A. distortus, A. diversifolius, A. douglasii, A. drabelliformis, A. drummondii, A. duchesnensis, A. eastwoodiae, A. egglestonii, A. emoryanus, A. endopterus, A. ensiformis, A. episcopus, A. equisolensis, A. eremiticus, A. ertterae, A. eucosmus, A. eurekensis, A. eurylobus, A. falcatus, A. feensis, A. filipes, A. flavus, A. flexuosus, A. fucatus, A. funereus, A. gambelianus, A. geyeri, A. gibbsii, A. giganteus, A. gilensis, A. gilmanii, A. gilviflorus, A. glycyphyllos, A. gracilis, A. grayi, A. gypsodes, A. hallii, A. hamiltonii, A. harrisonii, A. heilii, A. henrimontanensis, A. holmgreniorum, A. hoodianus, A. hornii, A. howellii, A. humillimus, A. humistratus, A. hyalinus, A. hypoxylus, A. inflexus, A. insularis, A. inversus, A. inyoensis, A. iodanthus, A. iodopetalus, A. iselyi, A. jaegerianus, A. jejunus, A. johannis-howellii, A. kelseyae, A. kentrophyta, A. kerrii, A. knightii, A. laccoliticus, A. lancearius, A. laxmannii, A. layneae, A. leibergii, A. lemmonii, A. lentiformis, A. lentiginosus, A. leptaleus, A. leptocarpus, A. leucolobus, A. limnocharis, A. lindheimeri, A. linifolius, A. loanus, A. lonchocarpus, A. lotiflorus, A. lutosus, A. lyallii, A. macrodon, A. magdalenae, A. malacoides, A. malacus, A. megacarpus, A. michauxii, A. microcymbus, A. microcystis, A. microlobium, A. micromerius, A. miguelensis, A. minthorniae, A. misellus, A. miser, A. missouriensis, A. moencoppensis, A. mohavensis, A. mollissimus, A. molybdenus, A. monoensis, A. montii, A. monumentalis, A. mulfordiae, A. multiflorus, A. musiniensis, A. naturitensis, A. neglectus, A. nelsonianus, A. neomexicanus, A. nevinii, A. newberryi, A. nidularius, A. nothoxys, A. nudisiliquus, A. nutans, A. nutriosensis, A. nuttallianus, A. nuttallii, A. nutzotinensis, A. nyensis, A. obcordatus, A. obscurus, A. oniciformis, A. oocalycis, A. oocarpus, A. oophorus, A. oreganus, A. osterhoutii, A. oxyphysus, A. pachypus, A. palmeri, A. panamintensis, A. pardalinus, A. parryi, A. pattersonii, A. pauperculus, A. paysonii, A. peckii, A. pectinatus, A. perianus, A. phoenix, A. pictiformis, A. pinonis, A. piscator, A. piutensis, A. plattensis, A. platytropis, A. polaris, A. pomonensis, A. porrectus, A. praelongus, A. preussii, A. proimanthus, A. proximus, A. pseudiodanthus, A. pterocarpus, A. pubentissimus, A. pulsiferae, A. puniceus, A. purshii, A. pycnostachyus, A. racemosus, A. rafaelensis, A. rattanii, A. ravenii, A. recurvus, A. reflexus, A. remotus, A. reventiformis, A. reventus, A. riparius, A. ripleyi, A. robbinsii, A. rusbyi, A. sabulonum, A. sabulosus, A. salmonis, A. saurinus, A. scaphoides, A. schmolliae, A. sclerocarpus, A. scopulorum, A. sepultipes, A. serenoi, A. sericoleucus, A. serpens, A. sesquiflorus, A. sheldonii, A. shevockii, A. shortianus, A. siliceus, A. simplicifolius, A. sinuatus, A. solitarius, A. sophoroides, A. soxmaniorum, A. spaldingii, A. sparsiflorus, A. spatulatus, A. speirocarpus, A. straturensis, A. striatiflorus, A. subcinereus, A. subvestitus, A. succumbens, A. tegetarioides, A. tener, A. tennesseensis, A. tephrodes, A. terminalis, A. tetrapterus, A. thurberi, A. tibetanus, A. tidestromii, A. tiehmii, A. titanophilus, A. toanus, A. toquimanus, A. tortipes, A. traskiae, A. tricarinatus, A. trichopodus, A. tridactylicus, A. troglodytus, A. tweedyi, A. tyghensis, A. umbellatus, A. umbraticus, A. uncialis, A. utahensis, A. vaccarum, A. vallaris, A. vexilliflexus, A. villosus, A. wardii, A. waterfallii, A. webberi, A. welshii, A. wetherillii, A. whitneyi, A. williamsii, A. wingatanus, A. wittmannii, A. woodruffii, A. wootonii, A. wrightii, A. xiphoides, A. yoderwilliamsii, A. zionis |
A. accidens, A. accumbens, A. ackermanii, A. acutirostris, A. adanus, A. aequalis, A. agnicidus, A. agrestis, A. albens, A. albulus, A. allochrous, A. alpinus, A. altus, A. alvordensis, A. amblytropis, A. americanus, A. amnis-amissi, A. amphioxys, A. ampullarioides, A. ampullarius, A. andersonii, A. anisus, A. anserinus, A. applegatei, A. aquilonius, A. aretioides, A. argophyllus, A. aridus, A. arizonicus, A. arrectus, A. arthurii, A. asclepiadoides, A. asotinensis, A. asymmetricus, A. atratus, A. atropubescens, A. atwoodii, A. austiniae, A. australis, A. barnebyi, A. barrii, A. beathii, A. beatleyae, A. beckwithii, A. bernardinus, A. bibullatus, A. bicristatus, A. bisulcatus, A. bodinii, A. bolanderi, A. bourgovii, A. brandegeei, A. brauntonii, A. brazoensis, A. breweri, A. californicus, A. callithrix, A. calycosus, A. camptopus, A. canadensis, A. caricinus, A. casei, A. castaneiformis, A. castetteri, A. ceramicus, A. cerussatus, A. chamaeleuce, A. chamaemeniscus, A. chinensis, A. chloödes, A. chuskanus, A. cibarius, A. cicer, A. cimae, A. claranus, A. clevelandii, A. cliffordii, A. cobrensis, A. coccineus, A. collinus, A. coltonii, A. columbianus, A. concordius, A. congdonii, A. conjunctus, A. consobrinus, A. contortuplicatus, A. convallarius, A. cottamii, A. crassicarpus, A. cremnophylax, A. cronquistii, A. crotalariae, A. curtipes, A. curvicarpus, A. cusickii, A. cutleri, A. cyaneus, A. cymboides, A. deanei, A. debequaeus, A. desereticus, A. desperatus, A. deterior, A. detritalis, A. diaphanus, A. didymocarpus, A. distortus, A. diversifolius, A. douglasii, A. drabelliformis, A. drummondii, A. duchesnensis, A. eastwoodiae, A. egglestonii, A. emoryanus, A. endopterus, A. ensiformis, A. episcopus, A. equisolensis, A. eremiticus, A. ertterae, A. eucosmus, A. eurekensis, A. eurylobus, A. falcatus, A. feensis, A. filipes, A. flavus, A. flexuosus, A. fucatus, A. funereus, A. gambelianus, A. geyeri, A. gibbsii, A. giganteus, A. gilensis, A. gilmanii, A. gilviflorus, A. glycyphyllos, A. gracilis, A. grayi, A. gypsodes, A. hallii, A. hamiltonii, A. harrisonii, A. heilii, A. henrimontanensis, A. holmgreniorum, A. hoodianus, A. hornii, A. howellii, A. humillimus, A. humistratus, A. hyalinus, A. hypoxylus, A. inflexus, A. insularis, A. inversus, A. inyoensis, A. iodanthus, A. iodopetalus, A. iselyi, A. jaegerianus, A. jejunus, A. johannis-howellii, A. kelseyae, A. kentrophyta, A. kerrii, A. knightii, A. laccoliticus, A. lancearius, A. laxmannii, A. layneae, A. leibergii, A. lemmonii, A. lentiformis, A. lentiginosus, A. leptaleus, A. leptocarpus, A. leucolobus, A. limnocharis, A. lindheimeri, A. linifolius, A. loanus, A. lonchocarpus, A. lotiflorus, A. lutosus, A. lyallii, A. macrodon, A. magdalenae, A. malacoides, A. malacus, A. megacarpus, A. michauxii, A. microcymbus, A. microcystis, A. microlobium, A. micromerius, A. miguelensis, A. minthorniae, A. misellus, A. miser, A. missouriensis, A. moencoppensis, A. mohavensis, A. mollissimus, A. molybdenus, A. monoensis, A. montii, A. monumentalis, A. mulfordiae, A. multiflorus, A. musiniensis, A. naturitensis, A. neglectus, A. nelsonianus, A. neomexicanus, A. nevinii, A. newberryi, A. nidularius, A. nothoxys, A. nudisiliquus, A. nutans, A. nutriosensis, A. nuttallianus, A. nuttallii, A. nutzotinensis, A. nyensis, A. obcordatus, A. obscurus, A. oniciformis, A. oocalycis, A. oocarpus, A. oophorus, A. oreganus, A. osterhoutii, A. oxyphysus, A. pachypus, A. palmeri, A. panamintensis, A. pardalinus, A. parryi, A. pattersonii, A. pauperculus, A. paysonii, A. peckii, A. pectinatus, A. perianus, A. phoenix, A. pictiformis, A. pinonis, A. piscator, A. piutensis, A. plattensis, A. platytropis, A. polaris, A. pomonensis, A. porrectus, A. praelongus, A. preussii, A. proimanthus, A. proximus, A. pseudiodanthus, A. pterocarpus, A. pubentissimus, A. pulsiferae, A. puniceus, A. purshii, A. pycnostachyus, A. racemosus, A. rafaelensis, A. rattanii, A. ravenii, A. recurvus, A. reflexus, A. remotus, A. reventiformis, A. reventus, A. riparius, A. ripleyi, A. rusbyi, A. sabulonum, A. sabulosus, A. salmonis, A. saurinus, A. scaphoides, A. schmolliae, A. sclerocarpus, A. scopulorum, A. sepultipes, A. serenoi, A. sericoleucus, A. serpens, A. sesquiflorus, A. sheldonii, A. shevockii, A. shortianus, A. siliceus, A. simplicifolius, A. sinuatus, A. solitarius, A. sophoroides, A. soxmaniorum, A. spaldingii, A. sparsiflorus, A. spatulatus, A. speirocarpus, A. straturensis, A. striatiflorus, A. subcinereus, A. subvestitus, A. succumbens, A. tegetarioides, A. tener, A. tennesseensis, A. tephrodes, A. terminalis, A. tetrapterus, A. thurberi, A. tibetanus, A. tidestromii, A. tiehmii, A. titanophilus, A. toanus, A. toquimanus, A. tortipes, A. traskiae, A. tricarinatus, A. trichopodus, A. tridactylicus, A. troglodytus, A. tweedyi, A. tyghensis, A. umbellatus, A. umbraticus, A. uncialis, A. utahensis, A. vaccarum, A. vallaris, A. vexilliflexus, A. villosus, A. wardii, A. waterfallii, A. webberi, A. welshii, A. wetherillii, A. whitneyi, A. williamsii, A. wingatanus, A. wittmannii, A. woodruffii, A. wootonii, A. wrightii, A. xiphoides, A. yoderwilliamsii, A. zionis |
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Phaca robbinsii |
Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 757. (1753) |
(Oakes) A. Gray: Manual ed. 2, 98. (1856) |
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