astragale du Canada, Canada milk-vetch, Canadian milk-vetch
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Canada milk-vetch, Canadian milk-vetch
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Plants usually robust, rarely quite slender, (10–)15–120(–160) cm, strigose; from oblique or horizontal rhizomes. |
usually branched or with spur branches 1 or several nodes preceding first peduncle, sometimes unbranched, robust, slender and almost solid, or stout and hollow, (35–)40–120(–160) cm. |
usually erect, sometimes decumbent and ascending, green or purplish, fistulose when stout, 1–7+ cm underground, strigose. |
(3.5–)5–25(–35) cm; leaflets (9–)15–35, blades 6–45(–52) mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, or truncate-emarginate. |
(3–)5–25(–35) cm; stipules 3–18 mm, membranous early becoming scarious; leaflets (7–)13–35, blades lanceolate, lanceolate-oblong, or elliptic, (5–)6–45(–52) mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, or truncate-emarginate, surfaces strigose, sometimes glabrous adaxially. |
rarely loose, 3–16 × (2–)2.5–3 cm, flowers 11.3–16.3 mm. |
20–100+-flowered, flowers spreading-declined; axis 2.5–16 cm in fruit; bracts 1.5–10 mm; bracteoles 0–2. |
slender or stout, (2.5–)4–12(–13) cm. |
erect or incurved-ascending, (2.5–)4–22 cm. |
1.2–2.5 mm. |
1.2–3.5(–4) mm. |
calyx (4.6–)5.5–9.6(–10.3) mm, lobes 1.5–5.5 mm; corolla greenish white or dull stramineous. |
11.3–17(–17.5) mm; calyx short-cylindric, (4.6–)5.5–10.5(–11) mm, strigose or pilosulous, tube 4–8.5 mm, lobes subulate or triangular, 1.2–4.4(–5) mm; corolla ochroleucous, greenish white, or stramineous; keel (9.5–)10.2–13.6 mm. |
terete or subterete, carinate by ventral suture, not grooved dorsally, (9–)10–15 × 4–5.2 mm, beak 2–6 mm, usually glabrous, rarely puberulent or strigulose. |
brown then blackish, straight or incurved, cylindroid, terete, (9–)10–20 × 2.9–5.2 mm, somewhat fleshy becoming stiffly papery or leathery, usually strigose, strigulose, glabrate, or glabrous, rarely puberulent; sessile or subsessile. |
(18–)20–26(or 27). |
(16–)18–26(–28). |
3–18 mm, proximalmost usually ruptured becoming irregularly circumscissile. |
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= 16. |
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Flowering May–Sep. |
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Low, moist prairies or meadows, river banks, lakeshores, open deciduous forests, open coniferous forests, sandy soils, sometimes rocky soils, often disturbed areas (post-logging, trails), roadside ditches, on rich soils moist in spring. |
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0–2200 m. (0–7200 ft.) |
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AL; AR; CO; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK |
North America
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R. C. Barneby (1964) circumscribed var. canadensis rather broadly to include multiracial variation. As reviewed by D. Isely (1998), several regional manuals (such as M. L. Fernald 1950) have recognized var. carolinianus and var. longilobus in the eastern states. The rationale, largely derived by N. C. Fassett (1939b), was extensively counter-argued by Barneby. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). The chromosome number of 2n = 16 is in harmony with the view that the alliance of Astragalus canadensis, along with its near relative A. oreganus, is with the Asiatic A. uliginosus Linnaeus. The relationship is sufficiently close that R. C. Barneby (1964) said of the Canada milkvetch, the New World’s most widely dispersed Astragalus, that taxonomy would most closely reflect biological realities if the New World forms were reduced to varietal status under a bicentrically dispersed A. uliginosus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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1. Legumes not grooved dorsally, usually glabrous, rarely puberulent or strigulose; distribution primarily eastern, extending westward to New Mexico, Utah, Idaho, British Columbia, and Northwest Territories. | var. canadensis |
1. Legumes grooved dorsally, strigose or glabrate; distribution largely intermontane, extending eastward to Black Hills of South Dakota. | → 2 |
2. Stems (25–)30–70(–90) cm; calyx lobes (1.5–)2–4.4 mm, adaxial pair usually not much broader (though sometimes shorter) than the rest; legume beaks (3–)3.5–5 mm; forest belt of n Rocky Mountains (British Columbia southward to Oregon, eastward to Montana). | var. mortonii |
2. Stems (10–)15–55(–75) cm; calyx lobes 1–2.5(–3) mm, adaxial pair nearly always broadly triangular or deltate (and mostly shorter) than the rest; legume beaks 1.5–3 mm; sagebrush valleys, less commonly in meadows, and xeric pine forests (British Columbia southward to California, eastward to Colorado and Montana). | var. brevidens |
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FNA vol. 11. |
FNA vol. 11. |
Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Astragalus > sect. Uliginosi > Astragalus canadensis |
Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Astragalus > sect. Uliginosi |
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A. accidens, A. accumbens, A. ackermanii, A. acutirostris, A. adanus, A. aequalis, A. agnicidus, A. agrestis, A. albens, A. albulus, A. allochrous, A. alpinus, A. altus, A. alvordensis, A. amblytropis, A. americanus, A. amnis-amissi, A. amphioxys, A. ampullarioides, A. ampullarius, A. andersonii, A. anisus, A. anserinus, A. applegatei, A. aquilonius, A. aretioides, A. argophyllus, A. aridus, A. arizonicus, A. arrectus, A. arthurii, A. asclepiadoides, A. asotinensis, A. asymmetricus, A. atratus, A. atropubescens, A. atwoodii, A. austiniae, A. australis, A. barnebyi, A. barrii, A. beathii, A. beatleyae, A. beckwithii, A. bernardinus, A. bibullatus, A. bicristatus, A. bisulcatus, A. bodinii, A. bolanderi, A. bourgovii, A. brandegeei, A. brauntonii, A. brazoensis, A. breweri, A. californicus, A. callithrix, A. calycosus, A. camptopus, A. caricinus, A. casei, A. castaneiformis, A. castetteri, A. ceramicus, A. cerussatus, A. chamaeleuce, A. chamaemeniscus, A. chinensis, A. chloödes, A. chuskanus, A. cibarius, A. cicer, A. cimae, A. claranus, A. clevelandii, A. cliffordii, A. cobrensis, A. coccineus, A. collinus, A. coltonii, A. columbianus, A. concordius, A. congdonii, A. conjunctus, A. consobrinus, A. contortuplicatus, A. convallarius, A. cottamii, A. crassicarpus, A. cremnophylax, A. cronquistii, A. crotalariae, A. curtipes, A. curvicarpus, A. cusickii, A. cutleri, A. cyaneus, A. cymboides, A. deanei, A. debequaeus, A. desereticus, A. desperatus, A. deterior, A. detritalis, A. diaphanus, A. didymocarpus, A. distortus, A. diversifolius, A. douglasii, A. drabelliformis, A. drummondii, A. duchesnensis, A. eastwoodiae, A. egglestonii, A. emoryanus, A. endopterus, A. ensiformis, A. episcopus, A. equisolensis, A. eremiticus, A. ertterae, A. eucosmus, A. eurekensis, A. eurylobus, A. falcatus, A. feensis, A. filipes, A. flavus, A. flexuosus, A. fucatus, A. funereus, A. gambelianus, A. geyeri, A. gibbsii, A. giganteus, A. gilensis, A. gilmanii, A. gilviflorus, A. glycyphyllos, A. gracilis, A. grayi, A. gypsodes, A. hallii, A. hamiltonii, A. harrisonii, A. heilii, A. henrimontanensis, A. holmgreniorum, A. hoodianus, A. hornii, A. howellii, A. humillimus, A. humistratus, A. hyalinus, A. hypoxylus, A. inflexus, A. insularis, A. inversus, A. inyoensis, A. iodanthus, A. iodopetalus, A. iselyi, A. jaegerianus, A. jejunus, A. johannis-howellii, A. kelseyae, A. kentrophyta, A. kerrii, A. knightii, A. laccoliticus, A. lancearius, A. laxmannii, A. layneae, A. leibergii, A. lemmonii, A. lentiformis, A. lentiginosus, A. leptaleus, A. leptocarpus, A. leucolobus, A. limnocharis, A. lindheimeri, A. linifolius, A. loanus, A. lonchocarpus, A. lotiflorus, A. lutosus, A. lyallii, A. macrodon, A. magdalenae, A. malacoides, A. malacus, A. megacarpus, A. michauxii, A. microcymbus, A. microcystis, A. microlobium, A. micromerius, A. miguelensis, A. minthorniae, A. misellus, A. miser, A. missouriensis, A. moencoppensis, A. mohavensis, A. mollissimus, A. molybdenus, A. monoensis, A. montii, A. monumentalis, A. mulfordiae, A. multiflorus, A. musiniensis, A. naturitensis, A. neglectus, A. nelsonianus, A. neomexicanus, A. nevinii, A. newberryi, A. nidularius, A. nothoxys, A. nudisiliquus, A. nutans, A. nutriosensis, A. nuttallianus, A. nuttallii, A. nutzotinensis, A. nyensis, A. obcordatus, A. obscurus, A. oniciformis, A. oocalycis, A. oocarpus, A. oophorus, A. oreganus, A. osterhoutii, A. oxyphysus, A. pachypus, A. palmeri, A. panamintensis, A. pardalinus, A. parryi, A. pattersonii, A. pauperculus, A. paysonii, A. peckii, A. pectinatus, A. perianus, A. phoenix, A. pictiformis, A. pinonis, A. piscator, A. piutensis, A. plattensis, A. platytropis, A. polaris, A. pomonensis, A. porrectus, A. praelongus, A. preussii, A. proimanthus, A. proximus, A. pseudiodanthus, A. pterocarpus, A. pubentissimus, A. pulsiferae, A. puniceus, A. purshii, A. pycnostachyus, A. racemosus, A. rafaelensis, A. rattanii, A. ravenii, A. recurvus, A. reflexus, A. remotus, A. reventiformis, A. reventus, A. riparius, A. ripleyi, A. robbinsii, A. rusbyi, A. sabulonum, A. sabulosus, A. salmonis, A. saurinus, A. scaphoides, A. schmolliae, A. sclerocarpus, A. scopulorum, A. sepultipes, A. serenoi, A. sericoleucus, A. serpens, A. sesquiflorus, A. sheldonii, A. shevockii, A. shortianus, A. siliceus, A. simplicifolius, A. sinuatus, A. solitarius, A. sophoroides, A. soxmaniorum, A. spaldingii, A. sparsiflorus, A. spatulatus, A. speirocarpus, A. straturensis, A. striatiflorus, A. subcinereus, A. subvestitus, A. succumbens, A. tegetarioides, A. tener, A. tennesseensis, A. tephrodes, A. terminalis, A. tetrapterus, A. thurberi, A. tibetanus, A. tidestromii, A. tiehmii, A. titanophilus, A. toanus, A. toquimanus, A. tortipes, A. traskiae, A. tricarinatus, A. trichopodus, A. tridactylicus, A. troglodytus, A. tweedyi, A. tyghensis, A. umbellatus, A. umbraticus, A. uncialis, A. utahensis, A. vaccarum, A. vallaris, A. vexilliflexus, A. villosus, A. wardii, A. waterfallii, A. webberi, A. welshii, A. wetherillii, A. whitneyi, A. williamsii, A. wingatanus, A. wittmannii, A. woodruffii, A. wootonii, A. wrightii, A. xiphoides, A. yoderwilliamsii, A. zionis |
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A. canadensis var. carolinianus, A. canadensis var. longilobus, A. carolinianus, A. halei |
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unknown |
Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 757. (1753) |
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