Flora of North America species comparison

procumbent to ascending.

mostly basal or mostly cauline; usually opposite (distal sometimes alternate);

petiolate or sessile;

blades (often 3- or 5-nerved) mostly deltate, elliptic, lanceolate, lance-ovate, linear, ovate, or rhombic, sometimes pinnately or palmately lobed, ultimate margins entire or ± toothed, faces glabrate, hispid, hispidulous, pilose, puberulent, scabrellous, scabrous, strigillose, or strigose, often gland-dotted or stipitate-glandular.

basal and/or cauline; opposite;

petiolate [sessile];

blades deltate, lanceolate, lance-ovate, or ovate, often pinnately or palmately lobed, ultimate margins coarsely toothed to subentire, faces glabrate, hirsute, scabrellous, or strigillose.

campanulate, cylindric, hemispheric, or ± obpyramidal.

cylindric to hemispheric, 4–8 mm diam.

flat, convex, or conic, paleate (paleae persistent or falling with cypselae, mostly oblong to lanceolate or linear, flat to conduplicate, herbaceous or scarious, often 2- or 3-lobed or -toothed).

convex to conic, paleate (paleae ± persistent, lance-linear, scarious, weakly conduplicate, often apically toothed).

0, or (3–)6–21, pistillate, fertile;

corollas yellow or whitish or pinkish [purplish].

[0–]3–8[–13], pistillate, fertile;

corollas pale yellow [white or purplish].

5–150+, bisexual, fertile (peripheral sometimes pistillate in Bebbia);

corollas yellow to orange, or whitish, pinkish, or purplish, tubes shorter than throats, lobes 5, deltate to lance-deltate or lanceolate (± equal [outer larger, e.g., some plants of Tridax]);

anther thecae pale or slightly darkened;

stigmatic papillae in 2 lines.

[20–]40–80+, bisexual, fertile;

corollas yellowish [whitish or purplish], tubes shorter than cylindric or funnelform throats, lobes 5, usually deltate [sometimes rays 0 and corollas of peripheral florets ± bilabiate].

persistent or falling, 6–30+ in 2–5+ series, usually distinct, elliptic, lanceolate, lance-linear, lance-ovate, oblong, or ovate, subequal or unequal (outer longer or shorter).

persistent, 11–15+ in 2–3+ series (outer usually shorter, more herbaceous, the inner often scarious).

0.

radiate or discoid (sometimes ± disciform in Bebbia), borne singly or in loose to tight, corymbiform or cymiform arrays.

radiate [discoid], borne singly [in ± cymiform arrays].

± compressed, often clavate, obconic, or ovoid, or obpyramidal and 3-, 4-, or 5-angled, glabrous or sparsely to densely piloso-sericeous, sericeous, strigillose, or strigose;

pappi 0, or persistent, of 1–10+ subulate to acerose scales, or 5–20 ± spatulate, entire to erose, fimbriate, or laciniate, sometimes aristate, scales in 1 series, or 15–25+[–40], plumose, setiform scales (or flattened bristles) in 1 series.

obconic to obpyramidal, 3-, 4-, or 5-angled, densely piloso-sericeous [glabrous, villous];

pappi [sometimes wanting in rays] persistent, of [10–]20[–40], plumose [ciliate], setiform scales.

= 10.