Flora of North America species comparison

erect or spreading (glabrous or rough hairy [sparsely hirsute]).

mostly basal or mostly cauline; usually opposite (distal sometimes alternate);

petiolate or sessile;

blades (often 3- or 5-nerved) mostly deltate, elliptic, lanceolate, lance-ovate, linear, ovate, or rhombic, sometimes pinnately or palmately lobed, ultimate margins entire or ± toothed, faces glabrate, hispid, hispidulous, pilose, puberulent, scabrellous, scabrous, strigillose, or strigose, often gland-dotted or stipitate-glandular.

cauline; opposite (all or proximal) or alternate;

sessile [petiolate];

blades linear to narrowly elliptic [± deltate, often hastate], sometimes lobed, ultimate margins entire [dentate], faces glabrous or ± scabrous [sparsely hirsute], sometimes gland-dotted or stipitate-glandular.

campanulate, cylindric, hemispheric, or ± obpyramidal.

± campanulate or broader, 5–15 mm diam.

flat, convex, or conic, paleate (paleae persistent or falling with cypselae, mostly oblong to lanceolate or linear, flat to conduplicate, herbaceous or scarious, often 2- or 3-lobed or -toothed).

convex, paleate (paleae persistent, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate or linear-elliptic, conduplicate, each ± clasping a cypsela, scarious, striate, margins ciliate, abaxial faces glabrous or glabrate).

0, or (3–)6–21, pistillate, fertile;

corollas yellow or whitish or pinkish [purplish].

0.

5–150+, bisexual, fertile (peripheral sometimes pistillate in Bebbia);

corollas yellow to orange, or whitish, pinkish, or purplish, tubes shorter than throats, lobes 5, deltate to lance-deltate or lanceolate (± equal [outer larger, e.g., some plants of Tridax]);

anther thecae pale or slightly darkened;

stigmatic papillae in 2 lines.

usually 20–50, bisexual, fertile (sometimes 2–8+ peripheral florets lack anthers);

corollas yellow to orange, tubes shorter than narrowly funnelform throats, lobes 5, deltate.

persistent or falling, 6–30+ in 2–5+ series, usually distinct, elliptic, lanceolate, lance-linear, lance-ovate, oblong, or ovate, subequal or unequal (outer longer or shorter).

persistent, 15–30[–40+] in 3–5 series (ovate or elliptic to lanceolate or lance-linear, strongly unequal; outer herbaceous, margins often chartaceous, ciliate, abaxial faces pubescent; inner more chartaceous, striate, margins ciliate, abaxial faces less pubescent to glabrate).

0.

radiate or discoid (sometimes ± disciform in Bebbia), borne singly or in loose to tight, corymbiform or cymiform arrays.

usually discoid (sometimes ± disciform), borne singly or in corymbiform arrays.

± compressed, often clavate, obconic, or ovoid, or obpyramidal and 3-, 4-, or 5-angled, glabrous or sparsely to densely piloso-sericeous, sericeous, strigillose, or strigose;

pappi 0, or persistent, of 1–10+ subulate to acerose scales, or 5–20 ± spatulate, entire to erose, fimbriate, or laciniate, sometimes aristate, scales in 1 series, or 15–25+[–40], plumose, setiform scales (or flattened bristles) in 1 series.

± compressed, ± obpyramidal, ± 3-angled, sericeous to strigillose;

pappi of 15–25+ plumose, setiform scales in 1 series.

= 9.