Flora of North America species comparison

not proliferous.

not proliferous.

short-creeping, unbranched;

scales black with lighter margins, linear-lanceolate, 1.5–3 × 0.1–0.4 mm, margins entire.

ascending or short-creeping, infrequently branched;

scales dark brown to blackish throughout, narrowly deltate, 2–4(–5) × 0.2–0.5 mm, margins entire or shallowly denticulate to serrulate.

monomorphic.

monomorphic.

purplish black, lustrous, 0.5–3 cm, 1/3–1/20 length of blade;

indument of black filiform scales at base.

dark reddish brown proximally, often fading to green distally, lustrous, 2–20 cm, 2/3–2 times length of blade;

indument of black filiform scales and minute hairs.

linear, 1-pinnate throughout, 7–17.5 × 0.9–1.8 cm, thick, glabrous;

base gradually reduced;

apex gradually reduced to whiplike rooting tip.

deltate, 2–3-pinnate, 2.5–10 × 2–6.5 cm, thick, hairs dark, scattered, minute;

base truncate;

apex acute to acuminate, not rooting.

in (12–)20–40 pairs, oblong;

medial pinnae 6–9 × 3–4 mm;

base broadly cuneate or auriculate;

margins crenate-serrate;

apex obtuse.

in 4–10 pairs, deltate to lanceolate;

most proximal (largest) pinnae 1.5–4 × 1–2.5 cm;

base obliquely obtuse;

segment margins coarsely incised;

apex acute.

free, obscure.

free, evident.

3–7 pairs per pinna, on both basiscopic and acroscopic sides.

1–numerous pairs per pinna [1–6 pairs per segment], on both basiscopic and acroscopic sides.

64 per sporangium.

64 per sporangium.

purplish black throughout, lustrous, glabrous or nearly so.

greenish throughout or sometimes reddish brown proximally, lustrous, sparsely pubescent.

= 144.