Asclepias obovata |
Asclepias viridiflora |
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pineland milkweed |
asclépiade à fleurs vertes, green antelopehorn milkweed, green comet milkweed, green milkweed |
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Habit | Herbs. | Herbs. |
Stems | 1 (rarely more), erect to spreading, unbranched, 40–70(–200) cm, densely hirtellous to velutinous, not glaucous, rhizomes absent. |
solitary, erect to ascending, unbranched (rarely), (10–)20–125 cm, puberulent with curved trichomes, not glaucous, rhizomes absent. |
Leaves | opposite, petiolate, with 1 or 2 stipular colleters on each side of petiole; petiole 1–4 mm, densely hirtellous to velutinous; blade oblong or elliptic to obovate or ovate, 4–9 × 1–3.5 cm, subcoriaceous, base rounded or truncate to cordate, margins sometimes crisped, apex acute to truncate, sometimes emarginate, often mucronate, venation brochidodromous, surfaces densely hirtellous to velutinous abaxially, hirtellous adaxially, margins ciliate, 8–12 laminar colleters. |
opposite to subopposite, sessile or petiolate, with 1 or 2 stipular colleters on each side of petiole and also in axil; petiole 0–5 mm, puberulent with curved trichomes; blade linear to broadly oval or nearly orbiculate, 2–13 × 0.8–6 cm, chartaceous, base cuneate to rounded, margins entire or crisped, apex acute or obtuse to truncate or emarginate, mucronate, venation brochidodromous, surfaces sparsely pilosulous to glabrate, margins ciliate, laminar colleters absent. |
Inflorescences | extra-axillary, sometimes also appearing terminal, sessile or pedunculate, 7–31-flowered; peduncle 0–0.5 cm, densely hirtellous to velutinous, with 1 caducous bract at the base of each pedicel. |
extra-axillary at upper nodes, sometimes branched at peduncle apex, sessile or pedunculate, 22–60-flowered; peduncle 0–4 cm, puberulent with curved trichomes to pilosulous, with 1 caducous bract at the base of each pedicel. |
Pedicels | 10–12 mm, densely hirtellous to velutinous. |
7–13 mm, pilosulous. |
Flowers | erect to pendent; calyx lobes elliptic, 5–6 mm, apex acute, densely hirtellous; corolla green, sometimes tinged reddish or bronze, lobes reflexed, sometimes with spreading tips, elliptic, 7–9 mm, apex acute, glabrous abaxially, minutely papillose at base adaxially; gynostegial column 1–1.5 mm; fused anthers green, obconic, 2.5–4 mm, wings right-triangular, open at base, apical appendages broadly ovate; corona segments bronze to yellow, often tinged red, sometimes apically cream or pale, stipitate, tubular, somewhat flattened laterally, flared at base, 5–8 mm, greatly exceeding style apex, apex rounded, flared, glabrous, internal appendage falcate, exserted, sharply incurved over style apex, glabrous; style apex shallowly depressed, green. |
erect to pendent; calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate, 2–3 mm, apex acute, pilosulous; corolla green to yellowish green, sometimes tinged red, lobes reflexed, oblong, 5–7 mm, apex acute, inconspicuously pilosulous at apex abaxially, glabrous adaxially; gynostegium sessile; fused anthers green, cylindric, 3–4 mm, wings triangular, widest at middle, closed, apical appendages ovate, marginally inflexed, apically deflexed; corona segments green to cream, sometimes tinged red, sessile, laminar, margins incurved, appressed to column, 3–4 mm, greatly exceeded by style apex, apex obtuse, glabrous, internal appendage absent or obscure, glabrous; style apex shallowly depressed, green. |
Seeds | broadly ovate, 8–9 × 6–7 mm, margin winged, faces smooth; coma 2–5 cm. |
ovate, 7–8 × 4–5 mm, margin winged, faces minutely rugulose; coma 2.5–3 cm. |
Follicles | erect on upcurved pedicels, narrowly to broadly fusiform, 7.5–12.5 × 1.5–2.5 cm, apex acuminate, smooth, densely hirtellous to velutinous. |
erect on upcurved pedicels, fusiform to lance-ovoid, 6–10 × 1.5–2 cm, apex acuminate to attenuate, smooth, pilosulous. |
2n | = 22. |
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Asclepias obovata |
Asclepias viridiflora |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Sep; fruiting Jul–Oct. | Flowering Apr–Sep(–Oct); fruiting Jun–Nov. |
Habitat | Hills, slopes, flats, ridges, sandhills, ditches, seeps, bogs, sandstone, sandy, rocky, silty, and clay soils, pine flatwoods, pine savannas, pine, pine-oak, and bottomland hardwood forests, prairies, often following fires. | Slopes, ridges, bluffs, flats, canyons, arroyos, glades, fields, meadows, pastures, sandhills, dunes, pond edges, streamsides, playas, sandstone, limestone, gypsum, serpentine, dolomite, alluvium, silty, sandy, clay, rocky, and calcareous soils, prairies, desert grasslands, oak scrub, oak, oak-juniper, oak-hickory, pine-oak, and pine woodlands, forest openings and edges. |
Elevation | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) | 0–2300 m. (0–7500 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; OK; SC; TX
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AL; AR; AZ; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; WY; AB; MB; ON; SK; Mexico (Coahuila)
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Discussion | Asclepias obovata is a common milkweed of seasonally wet, sandy soils in pine woodlands of the Gulf Coastal Plain and (rarely) the southern Atlantic Coastal Plain. It is rare and considered to be of conservation concern in Arkansas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Asclepias viridiflora is one of the milkweeds with spherical, greenish umbels and inconspicuous coronas (see also A. engelmanniana, A. hirtella, A. lanuginosa, A. longifolia, A. rusbyi, A. stenophylla). Prior to close examination, the tight green balls of open flowers appear to be merely in bud. The diversity in leaf morphology among individuals (linear to orbiculate) is remarkable, but has no taxonomic significance—the full range of variation may be found within single populations. This is the most widespread milkweed within the flora area, ranging across most of the United States (absent only from the westernmost states and most of New England) and southern Canada. It is nowhere abundant, but may be regularly encountered in suitable, thin-soiled prairie habitats, especially in the Great Plains. It is rare and considered to be of conservation concern on the margins of its range, in Alberta (Cypress, Forty Mile, and Warner counties), Arizona (Coconino, Gila, and Yavapai counties), Connecticut (New Haven County), Florida (Gadsden and Jackson counties), and New York (Columbia, Nassau, Richmond, and Suffolk counties). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 14. | FNA vol. 14. |
Parent taxa | Apocynaceae > Asclepias | Apocynaceae > Asclepias |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Acerates ivesii, A. viridiflora var. lanceolata, A. viridiflora var. linearis | |
Name authority | Elliott: Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 321. (1817) | Rafinesque: Med. Repos., hexade 2, 5: 360. (1808) |
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