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big-leaf milkweed, Lemmon's milkweed

savanna milkweed, savannah milkweed

Habit Herbs. Herbs.
Stems

1–3, erect to ascending, unbranched, very stout, 100–150 cm, densely hirsute, not glaucous, rhizomes absent(?).

1, erect, unbranched, 10–45 cm, puberulent with curved trichomes, not glaucous, rhizomes absent.

Leaves

opposite, petiolate, with 1 stipular colleter on each side of petiole;

petiole 1–5 mm, hirsute;

blade oval or oblong to ovate, 7–22 × 3–14 cm, subsucculent, base truncate to subcordate, margins entire, apex obtuse to truncate or emarginate, mucronate, venation brochidodromous, secondary veins nearly orthogonal, surfaces hirsute, margins ciliate, 8–16 laminar colleters.

opposite, sessile, with 1 stipular colleter on each side of leaf base;

blade linear to narrowly elliptic or narrowly lanceolate, 1.5–6 × 0.1–0.8 cm, chartaceous, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute, mucronate, venation obscure to eucamptodromous, surfaces puberulent with curved trichomes or scabridulous to glabrate, margins ciliate, 2 laminar colleters.

Inflorescences

terminal, paired, and extra-axillary, pedunculate, 21–53-flowered;

peduncle 6–13 cm, densely hirsute, with 1 caducous bract at the base of each pedicel.

terminal and extra-axillary at upper nodes, pedunculate, 2–7-flowered;

peduncle 0.15–1 cm, densely puberulent with curved trichomes, with 1 caducous bract at the base of each pedicel.

Pedicels

13–22 mm, densely hirsute.

5–13 mm, minutely puberulent with curved trichomes.

Flowers

erect to pendent;

calyx lobes lanceolate, 3.5–6 mm, apex acute, hirsute;

corolla cream to greenish cream or ochroleucous, sometimes tinged pink, lobes reflexed with spreading tips, elliptic, 9–11 mm, apex acute, glabrous;

gynostegial column 0.5–1 mm;

fused anthers greenish brown, cylindric, 2.5–3 mm, wings right-triangular, closed, apical appendages oval;

corona segments cream to ochroleucous, sometimes tinged pink, shiny, subsessile, conduplicate, 6–8 mm, equaling or exceeding style apex, apex truncate, spreading and tapering, glabrous, internal appendage laterally compressed, erect, barely exserted, glabrous;

style apex shallowly depressed, green or pink.

erect;

calyx lobes elliptic, 2–3 mm, apex acute, sparsely puberulent with curved trichomes to glabrate;

corolla yellowish green to green, lobes erect, mostly concealing corona, narrowly elliptic, 7–10 mm, apex acute, glabrous;

gynostegial column 4–6 mm;

fused anthers green, broadly conic, 1–1.5 mm, wings right-triangular with decurrent base, closed, apical appendages ovate;

corona segments yellowish green to green, sometimes dark green at apex, sessile, conduplicate, 1.5–2.5 mm, greatly exceeded by style apex, apex incurved, rounded, glabrous, internal appendage absent;

style apex flat, green.

Seeds

ovate, 6–7 × 4–5 mm, margin winged, faces minutely rugulose;

coma 4–4.5 cm.

ovate, 5–6 × 3–4 mm, margin winged, faces sparsely and minutely rugulose;

coma 2–2.5 cm.

Follicles

erect on upcurved pedicels, lance-ovoid, 9.5–13.5 × 2–3 cm, apex attenuate, smooth, densely hirsute.

erect on straight pedicels, fusiform, 8–14 × 0.3–0.5 cm, apex long-attenuate, smooth, densely puberulent with curved trichomes.

Asclepias lemmonii

Asclepias pedicellata

Phenology Flowering Jun–Sep; fruiting Aug–Oct. Flowering Mar–Nov(–Dec); fruiting May–Oct.
Habitat Canyons, slopes, streamsides, rocky and clay soils, pine-oak, pine, and riparian forests, oak woodlands, marshes. Flats, streamsides, sandhills, sandy soils, pine flatwoods, savannas, pine-palmetto and oak-palmetto scrubs, often following fires.
Elevation 1200–2200 m. (3900–7200 ft.) 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Sonora, Zacatecas)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; GA; NC; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

A highly distinctive species, Asclepias lemmonii just barely enters the United States in southern Arizona (Cochise, Pima, and Santa Cruz counties), where it inhabits canyons in pine-oak clad sky-island ranges. Asclepias elata is a common co-inhabitant of these canyons. Asclepias lemmonii has been documented from the Baboquiviri, Chiricahua, Huachuca, and Santa Rita mountains, and it is not common in any of these. It is considered to be of conservation concern in Arizona. The large, hirsute leaves with nearly orthogonal venation and robust, hirsute stems of A. lemmonii are unmatched among American milkweeds. Plants may reach heights over 2 m in the main range of the species in the northern Sierra Madre Occidental.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Asclepias pedicellata is found in drier habitats than some co-distributed milkweeds, such as A. connivens and A. viridula. It sometimes occurs in the same sites as A. cinerea, A. curtissii, and A. feayi. The erect petals and elongate gynostegial column are unique among Asclepias species in the flora area. The green flowers with hidden coronas and low stature of the plants can make them frustratingly cryptic in their grass-dominated habitats. Asclepias pedicellata is common only in Florida and North Carolina and is considered rare and of conservation concern in the intervening region in Georgia and South Carolina.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 14. FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Apocynaceae > Asclepias Apocynaceae > Asclepias
Sibling taxa
A. albicans, A. amplexicaulis, A. angustifolia, A. arenaria, A. asperula, A. brachystephana, A. californica, A. cinerea, A. connivens, A. cordifolia, A. cryptoceras, A. curassavica, A. curtissii, A. cutleri, A. eastwoodiana, A. elata, A. emoryi, A. engelmanniana, A. eriocarpa, A. erosa, A. exaltata, A. fascicularis, A. feayi, A. hallii, A. hirtella, A. humistrata, A. hypoleuca, A. incarnata, A. involucrata, A. labriformis, A. lanceolata, A. lanuginosa, A. latifolia, A. linaria, A. linearis, A. longifolia, A. macrosperma, A. macrotis, A. meadii, A. michauxii, A. nummularia, A. nyctaginifolia, A. obovata, A. oenotheroides, A. ovalifolia, A. pedicellata, A. perennis, A. prostrata, A. pumila, A. purpurascens, A. quadrifolia, A. quinquedentata, A. rubra, A. rusbyi, A. ruthiae, A. sanjuanensis, A. scaposa, A. solanoana, A. speciosa, A. sperryi, A. stenophylla, A. subulata, A. subverticillata, A. sullivantii, A. syriaca, A. texana, A. tomentosa, A. tuberosa, A. uncialis, A. variegata, A. verticillata, A. vestita, A. viridiflora, A. viridis, A. viridula, A. welshii
A. albicans, A. amplexicaulis, A. angustifolia, A. arenaria, A. asperula, A. brachystephana, A. californica, A. cinerea, A. connivens, A. cordifolia, A. cryptoceras, A. curassavica, A. curtissii, A. cutleri, A. eastwoodiana, A. elata, A. emoryi, A. engelmanniana, A. eriocarpa, A. erosa, A. exaltata, A. fascicularis, A. feayi, A. hallii, A. hirtella, A. humistrata, A. hypoleuca, A. incarnata, A. involucrata, A. labriformis, A. lanceolata, A. lanuginosa, A. latifolia, A. lemmonii, A. linaria, A. linearis, A. longifolia, A. macrosperma, A. macrotis, A. meadii, A. michauxii, A. nummularia, A. nyctaginifolia, A. obovata, A. oenotheroides, A. ovalifolia, A. perennis, A. prostrata, A. pumila, A. purpurascens, A. quadrifolia, A. quinquedentata, A. rubra, A. rusbyi, A. ruthiae, A. sanjuanensis, A. scaposa, A. solanoana, A. speciosa, A. sperryi, A. stenophylla, A. subulata, A. subverticillata, A. sullivantii, A. syriaca, A. texana, A. tomentosa, A. tuberosa, A. uncialis, A. variegata, A. verticillata, A. vestita, A. viridiflora, A. viridis, A. viridula, A. welshii
Synonyms Podostigma pedicellatum
Name authority A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 85. (1883) — (as lemmoni) Walter: Fl. Carol., 106. (1788)
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