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Mexican whorled milkweed, narrow-leaf milkweed, narrow-leaf or Mexican or Mexican whorled milkweed

Texas milkweed

Habit Herbs. Subshrubs or herbs.
Stems

few–numerous, erect, sparsely to moderately branched, 50–150 cm, glabrous, not glaucous, rhizomes absent.

1–numerous, erect, sparsely to moderately branched in upper half, 25–90 cm, puberulent with curved trichomes in a line, not glaucous, rhizomes absent.

Leaves

3–5-whorled, sessile or petiolate, with 1–3 stipular colleters on each side of petiole on a ciliate interpetiolar ridge;

petiole 0–4 mm, margins puberulent with curved trichomes;

blade linear to linear-lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, often somewhat conduplicate, 4.5–13 × 0.2–1.8 cm, membranous, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute or attenuate to obtuse, mucronate, venation obscure to faintly eucamptodromous, surfaces glabrous, margins eciliate, laminar colleters absent.

opposite, petiolate, with 1 or 2 stipular colleters on each side of petiole on a ciliate interpetiolar ridge;

petiole 5–20 mm, puberulent with curved trichomes;

blade ovate to lanceolate or elliptic, 2–7 × 0.5–3 cm, chartaceous, base cuneate to obtuse, margins entire, apex acute to acuminate, venation eucamptodromous, surfaces puberulent with curved trichomes on veins abaxially, sparsely puberulent with curved trichomes on veins to glabrate adaxially, margins ciliate, laminar colleters absent.

Inflorescences

terminal and extra-axillary at upper nodes, sometimes branched, pedunculate, 10–37-flowered;

peduncle 0.4–5.5 cm, puberulent with curved trichomes in a line to glabrate, with 1 caducous bract at the base of each pedicel.

extra-axillary at upper nodes, some appearing terminal, pedunculate, 14–31-flowered;

peduncle 0.9–3 cm, puberulent with curved trichomes in a line, with 1 caducous bract at the base of each pedicel.

Pedicels

9–14 mm, puberulent with curved trichomes to pilosulous.

7–14 mm, puberulent with curved trichomes in a line.

Flowers

erect;

calyx lobes lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm, apex acute, puberulent with curved trichomes to pilosulous;

corolla pale to dark pink, rarely pale green with a pink tinge, lobes reflexed with spreading tips, oval, 3–5 mm, apex acute, glabrous abaxially, minutely papillose at base adaxially;

gynostegial column 1–1.5 mm;

fused anthers green, cylindric, 1.5–2 mm, wings narrowly right-triangular, closed, apical appendages deltoid;

corona segments cream, often tinged or striped pink, stipitate, cupulate, dorsally somewhat flattened, 1.5–2 mm, exceeded by style apex, apex obtuse, glabrous, internal appendage acicular, exserted, arching towards style apex, glabrous;

style apex shallowly depressed, cream.

erect;

calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm, apex acute, puberulent with curved trichomes;

corolla white, sometimes tinged green, lobes reflexed with spreading tips, elliptic, 3.5–5 mm, apex acute to obtuse, glabrous abaxially, minutely papillose at base adaxially;

gynostegial column 1–1.5 mm;

fused anthers brown, columnar, 1.5–2 mm, wings narrowly right-triangular, closed, apical appendages deltoid;

corona segments white, sometimes tinged pink, stipitate, cupulate, dorsally rounded, 2–3 mm, equaling to slightly exceeding style apex, apex obtuse, glabrous, internal appendage acicular, exserted, arching over style apex, glabrous;

style apex shallowly depressed, white.

Seeds

ovate, 6–7 × 4–5 mm, margin winged, faces minutely rugulose;

coma 2.5–3 cm.

ovate, 6–7 × 4–5 mm, margin winged, faces smooth or sparsely papillose;

coma 2–3 cm.

Follicles

erect on straight pedicels, fusiform, 6–9 × 0.5–1 cm, apex attenuate, smooth, glabrous.

erect on straight pedicels, narrowly fusiform, 9–13 × 0.5–1 cm, apex long-acuminate to attenuate, smooth, glabrous.

2n

= 22.

Asclepias fascicularis

Asclepias texana

Phenology Flowering Apr–Oct; fruiting (Jun–)Jul–Nov. Flowering May–Sep; fruiting (Jul–)Aug–Oct.
Habitat Valleys, slopes, hills, streamsides, ditches, seeps, hot springs, wet depressions, arroyos, vernal pools, basalt, granite, limestone, clay, sandy, and silty soils, native, non-native, and shrubby grasslands, oak, pine-oak, juniper, pinyon-juniper, and riparian woodlands, chaparral, coastal sage scrub, pine and mixed-conifer forests, sometimes following fires. Can­yons, arroyos, slopes, cliff bases, bluffs, streamsides, limestone, igneous rocks, rocky and clay soils, riparian, oak-juniper, and oak woods, pine-oak forest.
Elevation 0–2300 m. (0–7500 ft.) 300–2000 m. (1000–6600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; NV; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Asclepias mexicana Decaisne was misapplied to A. fascicularis in the past; this is the legitimate name of a related species endemic to southern and eastern Mexico. The common name Mexican (whorled) milkweed stems from this past confusion. Compared to its close relatives A. angustifolia, A. linearis, A. pumila, A. subverticillata, and A. verticillata, the leaves of A. fascicularis are not particularly narrow (despite the implication of another common name). However, very narrow leaves are found in A. fascicularis when it is growing at relatively dry sites, especially at the eastern limit of its range in southeastern Idaho. Such specimens (for example, Mumford 272 [MO], Atwood 28495 [NY]) have been attributed in the past to A. subverticillata in error. Asclepias fascicularis is completely allopatric with its Incarnatae clade relatives (species 7–16). Like these species, it is easily cultivated, and its seeds are widely available. In Washington, the range of A. fascicularis is restricted largely to the valleys of the Columbia and Spokane rivers and in Idaho to the Snake and Weiser rivers.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

In the flora area, Asclepias texana has a disjunct distribution on the Edwards Plateau and in the mountains of the Big Bend region. Although commonly occurring in canyons and riparian areas, A. texana is quite drought tolerant in cultivation. The tidy, bushy habit, long flowering stems topped by bright white spherical umbels, and rapid growth from seed make this a suitable candidate for horticultural use. It is known to be hardy to at least USDA Zone 7.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 14. FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Apocynaceae > Asclepias Apocynaceae > Asclepias
Sibling taxa
A. albicans, A. amplexicaulis, A. angustifolia, A. arenaria, A. asperula, A. brachystephana, A. californica, A. cinerea, A. connivens, A. cordifolia, A. cryptoceras, A. curassavica, A. curtissii, A. cutleri, A. eastwoodiana, A. elata, A. emoryi, A. engelmanniana, A. eriocarpa, A. erosa, A. exaltata, A. feayi, A. hallii, A. hirtella, A. humistrata, A. hypoleuca, A. incarnata, A. involucrata, A. labriformis, A. lanceolata, A. lanuginosa, A. latifolia, A. lemmonii, A. linaria, A. linearis, A. longifolia, A. macrosperma, A. macrotis, A. meadii, A. michauxii, A. nummularia, A. nyctaginifolia, A. obovata, A. oenotheroides, A. ovalifolia, A. pedicellata, A. perennis, A. prostrata, A. pumila, A. purpurascens, A. quadrifolia, A. quinquedentata, A. rubra, A. rusbyi, A. ruthiae, A. sanjuanensis, A. scaposa, A. solanoana, A. speciosa, A. sperryi, A. stenophylla, A. subulata, A. subverticillata, A. sullivantii, A. syriaca, A. texana, A. tomentosa, A. tuberosa, A. uncialis, A. variegata, A. verticillata, A. vestita, A. viridiflora, A. viridis, A. viridula, A. welshii
A. albicans, A. amplexicaulis, A. angustifolia, A. arenaria, A. asperula, A. brachystephana, A. californica, A. cinerea, A. connivens, A. cordifolia, A. cryptoceras, A. curassavica, A. curtissii, A. cutleri, A. eastwoodiana, A. elata, A. emoryi, A. engelmanniana, A. eriocarpa, A. erosa, A. exaltata, A. fascicularis, A. feayi, A. hallii, A. hirtella, A. humistrata, A. hypoleuca, A. incarnata, A. involucrata, A. labriformis, A. lanceolata, A. lanuginosa, A. latifolia, A. lemmonii, A. linaria, A. linearis, A. longifolia, A. macrosperma, A. macrotis, A. meadii, A. michauxii, A. nummularia, A. nyctaginifolia, A. obovata, A. oenotheroides, A. ovalifolia, A. pedicellata, A. perennis, A. prostrata, A. pumila, A. purpurascens, A. quadrifolia, A. quinquedentata, A. rubra, A. rusbyi, A. ruthiae, A. sanjuanensis, A. scaposa, A. solanoana, A. speciosa, A. sperryi, A. stenophylla, A. subulata, A. subverticillata, A. sullivantii, A. syriaca, A. tomentosa, A. tuberosa, A. uncialis, A. variegata, A. verticillata, A. vestita, A. viridiflora, A. viridis, A. viridula, A. welshii
Synonyms A. perennis var. parvula
Name authority Decaisne in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 8: 569. (1844) A. Heller: Contr. Herb. Franklin Marshall Coll. 1: 77, plate 4. (1895)
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