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marbled wild-ginger

birthwort family, Dutchman's-pipe family, pipevine family

Habit Herbs or lianas [shrubs, rarely trees], deciduous or evergreen, often aromatic.
Rhizomes

erect or ascending, deeply buried, internodes 0.2-1.5 cm.

Leaves

blade almost always variegate with white or silver along veins, cordate to cordate-reniform, 4-14 × 3-12 cm, apex acute to broadly acuminate, rarely obtuse;

surfaces abaxially sparsely hirsute, adaxially glabrous or sparsely hirsute along veins, marginal hairs ± perpendicular to margin.

blade unlobed, margins entire.

Inflorescences

terminal or axillary, racemes or solitary flowers, rarely fan-shaped cymes.

Flowers

erect or nearly so;

peduncle 1.2-1.

bisexual;

calyx enlarged, petaloid, usually tubular, [1-,] 3-, [6-, rarely 5-]merous, lobes valvate;

corolla usually reduced to scales or absent;

stamens 5, 6, or 12 [multiples of 3 or 5], free or adnate to styles and stigmas, forming gynostemium;

anthers extrorse;

pistil 1, 4-6-carpellate;

ovary inferior, partly inferior, or superior;

placentation axile (and ovaries 4-6-locular) or parietal;

ovules many per locule, anatropous.

Calyx

tube subglobose, externally mottled red, sparsely to moderately hirsute, internally dark red, with purple hairs;

distal portion of sepal erect or spreading at anthesis, 17-52 mm, apex filiform-attenuate, abaxially pale green, hirsute, adaxially tan or brownish green, rarely red proximally, puberulent with crisped purple hairs;

pollen sacs 0.8-2.4 mm, sterile tip of connective on inner stamens dark red-brown, 1.2-3.8 mm, longer than pollen sacs.

Fruits

capsules [follicles], regularly to irregularly loculicidal, rarely indehiscent [septicidal].

Seeds

often flattened;

endosperm copious.

Wood

with broad medullary rays.

Asarum marmoratum

Aristolochiaceae

Phenology Flowering late winter–spring (Mar–Jun).
Habitat Understory of dry or mesic forests, or exposed rocky slopes or roadcuts
Elevation 200-1800 m (700-5900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Primarily pantropical and subtropical
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Asarum marmoratum is found only in the Cascades and the Siskiyou Mountains of southern Oregon and extreme northwestern California (M. R. Mesler and K. L. Lu 1990).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Genera 5, species ca. 600 (3 genera, 28 species in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Calyx bilaterally symmetric, usually bent or curved; ovary inferior; stems erect, twining, or procumbent.
Aristolochia
1. Calyx radially symmetric, straight; ovary inferior, partly inferior, or superior; stems rhizomatous.
→ 2
2. Sepals distinct; anthers each with prominent terminal appendage; styles connate in column; ovary inferior.
Asarum
2. Sepals connate for most of length; anthers without terminal appendages; styles distinct (except sometimes at extreme base); ovary superior or ca. 1/3-inferior.
Hexastylis
Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3, p. 44. Authors: Kerry Barringer, Alan T. Whittemore.
Parent taxa Aristolochiaceae > Asarum
Sibling taxa
A. canadense, A. caudatum, A. hartwegii, A. lemmonii, A. wagneri
Subordinate taxa
Aristolochia, Asarum, Hexastylis
Name authority Piper: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 29: 99. (1916) Jussieu
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