Artemisia vulgaris |
Artemisia alaskana |
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armoise vulgaire, common mugwort, common wormwood, felon-herb, green-ginger, lobed wormwood, mugwort |
Alaska wormwood, alaskan sagebrush, Siberian wormwood |
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Habit | Perennials, (40–)60–190 cm, sometimes faintly aromatic (rhizomes coarse). | Perennials or subshrubs, 15–30(–60) cm (not cespitose), aromatic (caudices woody). |
Stems | relatively numerous, erect, brownish to reddish brown, simple proximally, branched distally (angularly ribbed), sparsely hairy or glabrous. |
1–10, erect, gray-green, simple (suffrutescent from woody offsets), densely hairy to glabrescent. |
Leaves | basal (petiolate) and cauline (sessile), uniformly green or bicolor; blades broadly lanceolate, ovate, or linear, (2–)3–10(–12) × 1.8–8 cm (proximal reduced and entire, distal pinnately dissected, lobes to 20 mm wide), faces pubescent or glabrescent (abaxial) or glabrous (adaxial). |
basal and cauline, mostly gray-green; blades obovate, 1.5–5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, 3-lobed to 2-ternately lobed (lobes 0.5–3 mm wide, margins flat; cauline leaves smaller, sometimes entire), faces tomentose. |
Involucres | ovoid to campanulate, 2–3(–4) mm. |
broadly campanulate, 3.5–5 × 6–9 mm. |
Florets | pistillate 7–10; bisexual (5–)8–20; corollas yellowish to reddish brown, 1.5–3 mm, glabrous (style branches arched-curved, truncate, ciliate). |
pistillate 8–10; bisexual 20–45; corollas yellow, 2–2.5 mm, glabrous or glandular. |
Phyllaries | lanceolate, hairy or glabrescent. |
ovate (margins brownish or hyaline), tomentose. |
Heads | in compact, paniculiform or racemiform arrays (10–)20–30(–40) × (5–)7–15(–20) cm. |
(peduncles 0 or to 30 mm) in (leafy) paniculiform to racemiform arrays 12–25 × 1–4.5 cm. |
Cypselae | ellipsoid, 0.5–1(–1.2) mm, glabrous, sometimes resinous. |
ellipsoid (flattened), 1–1.5 mm, glabrous. |
2n | = 18, 36, 40, 54. |
= 18. |
Artemisia vulgaris |
Artemisia alaskana |
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Phenology | Flowering mid summer–late fall. | Flowering early–late summer. |
Habitat | Sandy or loamy soils, forested areas, coastal strands, roadsides | Well-drained soils, flood plains, gravel stream banks, roadsides, dry, rocky slopes, forest openings, alpine and arctic tundras |
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | 100–2500 m (300–8200 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Greenland; Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
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AK; BC; NT; YT |
Discussion | Grown as a medicinal plant, most commonly as a vermifuge, Artemisia vulgaris is widely established in eastern North America and is often weedy in disturbed sites. Populational differences in morphologic forms are reflected in size of flowering heads, degree of dissection of leaves, and overall color of plants (from pale to dark green), suggesting multiple introductions that may date back to the first visits by Europeans. It is tempting to recognize the different forms as subspecies and varieties; the array of variation in the field is bewildering. If genetically distinct forms exist in native populations, the differences appear to have been blurred by introgression among the various introductions in North America. A case could be made for recognizing var. kamtschatica in Alaska based on its larger heads and shorter growth form; apparent introgression with populations that extend across Canada confounds that taxonomic segregation. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
As circumscribed here, Artemisia alaskana is known from northwestern North America. The type specimen of A. alaskana is atypical, with longer peduncles and narrower leaf lobes than are found in most populations. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 533. | FNA vol. 19, p. 523. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Artemisia | Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Artemisia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | A. opulenta, A. vulgaris var. glabra, A. vulgaris var. kamtschatica | A. tyrrellii |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 848. (1753) | Rydberg: in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 34: 281. (1916) |
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