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dragon herb, dragon sagewort, dragon wormwood, tarragon, wild tarragon

gray sagewort, prairie sage, silver sage, silver wormwood, western mugwort, western wormwood, white sage, white sagebrush, white wormwood

Habit Perennials or subshrubs, 50–120(–150) cm, strongly tarragon-scented or not aromatic; rhizomatous, caudices coarse. Perennials, 20–80 (rarely to 120 in desert washes) cm, aromatic (rhizomatous).
Stems

relatively numerous, erect, green to brown or reddish brown, somewhat woody, glabrous.

relatively few to relatively numerous, erect, gray-green, simple or widely branched, hairy.

Leaves

proximal blades bright green and glabrous or gray-green and sparsely hairy, 5–8 cm;

cauline blades bright green (gray-green in desert forms), linear, lanceolate, or oblong, 1–7 × 0.1–0.5(–0.9) cm, mostly entire, sometimes irregularly lobed, acute, usually glabrous, sometimes glabrescent (deserts).

cauline, uniformly gray-green, green, or white, or bicolor (white and green);

blades linear to broadly elliptic, 1.5–11 × 0.5–4 cm, entire or lobed to relatively deeply pinnatifid, faces hairy.

Involucres

globose, 2–3 × 2–3.5(–6) mm.

campanulate or turbinate, (1–)2–4(–5) × 2–5(–8) mm.

Florets

pistillate 6–25; functionally staminate 8–20;

corollas pale yellow, 1.8–2 mm, eglandular or sparsely glandular.

pistillate 5–12;

bisexual 6–45;

corollas yellow, sometimes red-tinged, 1.5–2.8 mm, glabrous.

Phyllaries

(light brown, broadly lanceolate, membranous): margins broadly hyaline, glabrous.

(gray-green), lanceolate to ovate or obovate (margins narrowly hyaline), densely tomentose.

Heads

in terminal or lateral, leafy, paniculiform arrays 15–45 × 6–30 cm; appearing ball-like on slender, sometimes nodding peduncles.

(erect to nodding, peduncles 0 or 2–5 mm) in congested to open (widely branched) arrays.

Cypselae

oblong, 0.5–0.8 mm, faintly nerved, glabrous.

ellipsoid ca. 0.5 mm, (obscurely nerved) glabrous.

2n

= 18.

= 18, 36, 54.

Artemisia dracunculus

Artemisia ludoviciana

Phenology Flowering mid summer–late fall.
Habitat Open meadows and fields, desert scrub, moist drainages, roadsides
Elevation 500–3000 m (1600–9800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OK; OR; SD; TX; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; SK; YT; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; ON; PE; QC; SK; Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Artemisia dracunculus is widely cultivated as a culinary herb and may be introduced in parts of its range. It is easily cultivated from rootstocks, and while establishment from seeds is rare, seedlings can be found with amenable environmental conditions. Because of its popularity as an herb, it may suffer from overcollecting. Its scarcity in Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois (J. T. Kartesz and C. A. Meacham 1999) may have been caused by overly enthusiastic collecting as well as habitat loss.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies ca. 7 (6 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaves usually relatively deeply lobed (1/3+ widths, nearly to midrib, proximal leaves sometimes entire); involucres 3–8 mm diam.; mountain meadows and slopes
→ 2
1. Leaves entire or relatively shallowly lobed (lobes to 1/3 widths); involucres 2–3(–4) mm diam.; desert valleys and mountains
→ 3
2. Involucres 4–5 × 4–8 mm
subsp. candicans
2. Involucres 3–4 × 3–5 mm
subsp. incompta
3. Heads in paniculiform arrays (4–)8–30 cm diam.; leaves mostly 1.5–2 cm
subsp. albula
3. Heads in paniculiform or racemiform arrays 1–6 cm diam.; leaves 1.5–11 cm
→ 4
4. Leaf margins plane
subsp. ludoviciana
4. Leaf margins revolute
→ 5
5. Leaves bicolor (gray-green and bright green), margins mostly entire, abaxial faces glabrous
subsp. redolens
5. Leaves gray-green, margins usually lobed, abaxial faces hairy
subsp. mexicana
Source FNA vol. 19, p. 508. FNA vol. 19, p. 527.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Drancunculus Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Artemisia
Sibling taxa
A. abrotanum, A. absinthium, A. alaskana, A. aleutica, A. annua, A. arbuscula, A. biennis, A. bigelovii, A. borealis, A. californica, A. campestris, A. cana, A. carruthii, A. douglasiana, A. filifolia, A. franserioides, A. frigida, A. furcata, A. globularia, A. glomerata, A. laciniata, A. longifolia, A. ludoviciana, A. michauxiana, A. nesiotica, A. norvegica, A. nova, A. packardiae, A. palmeri, A. papposa, A. pattersonii, A. pedatifida, A. pontica, A. porteri, A. pycnocephala, A. pygmaea, A. rigida, A. rothrockii, A. rupestris, A. scopulorum, A. senjavinensis, A. serrata, A. spiciformis, A. stelleriana, A. suksdorfii, A. tilesii, A. tridentata, A. tripartita, A. vulgaris
A. abrotanum, A. absinthium, A. alaskana, A. aleutica, A. annua, A. arbuscula, A. biennis, A. bigelovii, A. borealis, A. californica, A. campestris, A. cana, A. carruthii, A. douglasiana, A. dracunculus, A. filifolia, A. franserioides, A. frigida, A. furcata, A. globularia, A. glomerata, A. laciniata, A. longifolia, A. michauxiana, A. nesiotica, A. norvegica, A. nova, A. packardiae, A. palmeri, A. papposa, A. pattersonii, A. pedatifida, A. pontica, A. porteri, A. pycnocephala, A. pygmaea, A. rigida, A. rothrockii, A. rupestris, A. scopulorum, A. senjavinensis, A. serrata, A. spiciformis, A. stelleriana, A. suksdorfii, A. tilesii, A. tridentata, A. tripartita, A. vulgaris
Subordinate taxa
A. ludoviciana subsp. albula, A. ludoviciana subsp. candicans, A. ludoviciana subsp. incompta, A. ludoviciana subsp. ludoviciana, A. ludoviciana subsp. mexicana, A. ludoviciana subsp. redolens
Synonyms A. aromatica, A. dracunculina, A. dracunculoides, A. dracunculoides subsp. dracunculina, A. glauca, A. glauca var. megacephala A. vulgaris var. ludoviciana
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 849. (1753) Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 143. (1818)
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