Artemisia dracunculus |
Artemisia bigelovii |
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dragon herb, dragon sagewort, dragon wormwood, tarragon, wild tarragon |
Bigelow sage, Bigelow sagebrush, Bigelow sagewort, Bigelow's sage |
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Habit | Perennials or subshrubs, 50–120(–150) cm, strongly tarragon-scented or not aromatic; rhizomatous, caudices coarse. | Shrubs, 20–40(–60) cm (branched from bases, rounded), mildly aromatic; not root-sprouting. |
Stems | relatively numerous, erect, green to brown or reddish brown, somewhat woody, glabrous. |
silvery, canescent (bark gray-brown). |
Leaves | proximal blades bright green and glabrous or gray-green and sparsely hairy, 5–8 cm; cauline blades bright green (gray-green in desert forms), linear, lanceolate, or oblong, 1–7 × 0.1–0.5(–0.9) cm, mostly entire, sometimes irregularly lobed, acute, usually glabrous, sometimes glabrescent (deserts). |
persistent, light gray-green; blades narrowly cuneate, 0.5–3 × 0.2–0.5 cm, entire or 3(–5)-lobed (lobes 1.5–2 mm, less than 1/3 blade lengths, acute), faces silvery canescent. |
Involucres | globose, 2–3 × 2–3.5(–6) mm. |
globose, 2–3 × 1.5–2.5 mm. |
Florets | pistillate 6–25; functionally staminate 8–20; corollas pale yellow, 1.8–2 mm, eglandular or sparsely glandular. |
pistillate 0–2 (raylike, laminae to 1 mm); bisexual 1–3; corollas 1–1.5 mm (style branches of ray florets elongate, exsert, epapillate, tips acute; of disc florets, short, truncate, papillate). |
Phyllaries | (light brown, broadly lanceolate, membranous): margins broadly hyaline, glabrous. |
(8–15) ovate, canescent or tomentose. |
Heads | in terminal or lateral, leafy, paniculiform arrays 15–45 × 6–30 cm; appearing ball-like on slender, sometimes nodding peduncles. |
(usually nodding) in arrays 6–25 × 1–4 cm (branches erect, somewhat curved). |
Cypselae | oblong, 0.5–0.8 mm, faintly nerved, glabrous. |
(ellipsoid, 5-ribbed) 0.8–1 mm, glabrous. |
2n | = 18. |
= 18, 36, 72. |
Artemisia dracunculus |
Artemisia bigelovii |
|
Phenology | Flowering mid summer–late fall. | Flowering early summer–late fall. |
Habitat | Open meadows and fields, desert scrub, moist drainages, roadsides | Deserts, sandy or alkaline soils, rock outcrops |
Elevation | 500–3000 m (1600–9800 ft) | 1000–2500 m (3300–8200 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OK; OR; SD; TX; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; SK; YT; Eurasia
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AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; TX; UT
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Discussion | Artemisia dracunculus is widely cultivated as a culinary herb and may be introduced in parts of its range. It is easily cultivated from rootstocks, and while establishment from seeds is rare, seedlings can be found with amenable environmental conditions. Because of its popularity as an herb, it may suffer from overcollecting. Its scarcity in Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois (J. T. Kartesz and C. A. Meacham 1999) may have been caused by overly enthusiastic collecting as well as habitat loss. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Artemisia bigelovii of the southwestern deserts is easily confused in the field with A. tridentata, even though it is well distinguished ecologically and morphologically. Systematic placement within subg. Tridentatae remains problematic. Presence of “ray” florets (though rare) and vestigial spines on the pollen (R. P. Wodehouse 1935) suggest a relationship with groups ancestral to Tridentatae. The species also has the unusual characteristic of lignified trichomes (L. M. Shultz 1986b). Further research may help to determine proper placement; its affinities may be with members of subg. Artemisia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 508. | FNA vol. 19, p. 512. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Drancunculus | Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Tridentatae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | A. aromatica, A. dracunculina, A. dracunculoides, A. dracunculoides subsp. dracunculina, A. glauca, A. glauca var. megacephala | A. petrophila, Seriphidium bigelovii |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 849. (1753) | A. Gray: in War Department [U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5): 110. (1857) |
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