Artemisia dracunculus |
Artemisia biennis |
|
---|---|---|
dragon herb, dragon sagewort, dragon wormwood, tarragon, wild tarragon |
armoise bisannuelle, biennial sagewort, biennial wormwood |
|
Habit | Perennials or subshrubs, 50–120(–150) cm, strongly tarragon-scented or not aromatic; rhizomatous, caudices coarse. | Annuals or biennials, (10–)30–80(–150) cm, not aromatic. |
Stems | relatively numerous, erect, green to brown or reddish brown, somewhat woody, glabrous. |
1, erect, often reddish, simple (finely striate), glabrous. |
Leaves | proximal blades bright green and glabrous or gray-green and sparsely hairy, 5–8 cm; cauline blades bright green (gray-green in desert forms), linear, lanceolate, or oblong, 1–7 × 0.1–0.5(–0.9) cm, mostly entire, sometimes irregularly lobed, acute, usually glabrous, sometimes glabrescent (deserts). |
cauline, green or yellow-green (sessile); blades broadly lanceolate to ovate, 4–10(–13) × 1.5–4 cm, 1–2-pinnately lobed (ultimate lobes coarsely toothed), faces glabrous. |
Involucres | globose, 2–3 × 2–3.5(–6) mm. |
globose, 2–4 × (1.5–)2–4 mm. |
Florets | pistillate 6–25; functionally staminate 8–20; corollas pale yellow, 1.8–2 mm, eglandular or sparsely glandular. |
pistillate 6–25; bisexual 15–40; corollas pale yellow, ca. 2 mm, glabrous. |
Phyllaries | (light brown, broadly lanceolate, membranous): margins broadly hyaline, glabrous. |
(green) broadly elliptic to obovate, glabrous. |
Heads | in terminal or lateral, leafy, paniculiform arrays 15–45 × 6–30 cm; appearing ball-like on slender, sometimes nodding peduncles. |
(erect, subsessile) in (leafy) paniculiform to spiciform arrays 12–35(–40) × 2–4 cm (lateral branches relatively short). |
Cypselae | oblong, 0.5–0.8 mm, faintly nerved, glabrous. |
ellipsoid (4–5-nerved), 0.2–0.9 mm, glabrous. |
2n | = 18. |
= 18. |
Artemisia dracunculus |
Artemisia biennis |
|
Phenology | Flowering mid summer–late fall. | Flowering mid summer–late fall. |
Habitat | Open meadows and fields, desert scrub, moist drainages, roadsides | Disturbed habitats, margins of vernal pools, desert flats, usually clay or silty soils |
Elevation | 500–3000 m (1600–9800 ft) | 600–2000 m (2000–6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OK; OR; SD; TX; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; SK; YT; Eurasia
|
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT [Introduced in Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand)]
|
Discussion | Artemisia dracunculus is widely cultivated as a culinary herb and may be introduced in parts of its range. It is easily cultivated from rootstocks, and while establishment from seeds is rare, seedlings can be found with amenable environmental conditions. Because of its popularity as an herb, it may suffer from overcollecting. Its scarcity in Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois (J. T. Kartesz and C. A. Meacham 1999) may have been caused by overly enthusiastic collecting as well as habitat loss. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Artemisia biennis is naturalized and weedy in the eastern portion of its range. It is morphologically similar to A. annua, differing primarily in the coarser leaf lobes and larger heads that are sessile in axils of leaflike bracts. Artemisia biennis is considered native to the northwest United States; it may be introduced in other parts of its range. The type specimen is a horticultural specimen from New Zealand. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 508. | FNA vol. 19, p. 523. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Drancunculus | Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Artemisia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | A. aromatica, A. dracunculina, A. dracunculoides, A. dracunculoides subsp. dracunculina, A. glauca, A. glauca var. megacephala | A. biennis var. diffusa |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 849. (1753) | Willdenow: Phytographia, 11. (1794) |
Web links |
|
|