Artemisia campestris |
Artemisia spiciformis |
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beach wormwood, field sagewort, field wormwood, northern wormwood, Pacific sagewort, sand wormwood |
big sagebrush, snowfield sagebrush, spike sagebrush |
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Habit | Biennials or perennials, (10–)30–80(–150) cm, faintly aromatic; taprooted, caudices branched. | Shrubs, 30–80 cm (widely branched, gray-tomentose), aromatic; root-sprouting. | ||||||||
Stems | usually 1–5, turning reddish brown, (often ribbed) tomentose or glabrous. |
relatively numerous, brown or grayish green. |
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Leaves | persistent or deciduous, mostly basal; basal blades 4–12 cm; cauline gradually reduced, 2–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, 2–3-pinnately lobed, lobes linear to narrowly oblong, apices acute, faces densely to sparsely white-pubescent. |
± deciduous (by late summer, turning yellow); blades lanceolate, oblanceolate, or cuneate, 2.5–5.5 × 0.8–1.2+ cm, entire or irregularly 3–6-lobed (lobes to 1/3 blade lengths, 1.5+ mm wide, rounded or acute; leaves of flowering stems usually smaller, entire), faces ± sericeous or tomentose. |
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Involucres | broadly turbinate, 2.5–3(–5) × 2–3.5(–7) mm. |
ovoid or lanceoloid, (2.5–)4–6(–7) mm. |
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Florets | pistillate 5–20; functionally staminate 12–30; corollas pale yellow, sparsely hairy or glabrous. |
8–18(–27); corollas 2.5–3.5, glabrous. |
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Phyllaries | (margins scarious) glabrous or villous-tomentose. |
lanceolate, sparsely to densely hairy. |
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Heads | (pedunculate) in (mostly leafless) paniculiform arrays. |
(erect) in (leafy) paniculiform arrays 8–15(–25) × 0.5–3(–4) cm. |
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Cypselae | oblong-lanceoloid, somewhat compressed, 0.8–1 mm, faintly nerved, glabrous. |
1–1.5 mm, glabrous or resinous. |
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2n | = 18, 36, 54, 72. |
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Artemisia campestris |
Artemisia spiciformis |
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Phenology | Flowering mid summer–fall. | |||||||||
Habitat | Moist open slopes, rocky meadows, streamsides, woodlands, late-lying snowfields | |||||||||
Elevation | 2100–3700 m (6900–12100 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; FL; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TX; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NU; ON; QC; SK; especially mountains and high latitudes; Eurasia
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CA; CO; ID; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY
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Discussion | Subspecies ca. 7 (3 in the flora). Artemisia campestris varies; each morphologic form grades into another. The present circumscription is conservative in that only three subspecies are recognized; the subspecies usually can be separated geographically as well as morphologically. Populations in western North America consist primarily of subsp. pacifica; east of the continental divide, plants are assigned to subsp. canadensis in northern latitudes and to subsp. caudata in southern latitudes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Often confused with Artemisia rothrockii, A. spiciformis has been recognized only recently as a widespread, high-elevation sagebrush of late-lying snowfields. Molecular analysis has not yet determined the degree to which this species intergrades with A. cana subsp. viscidula and A. tridentata subsp. vaseyana, the presumed parents of this putative hybrid. Because snow-field sagebrush produces fertile seeds and forms a stable community type, it is treated here as a distinct species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 506. | FNA vol. 19, p. 515. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||
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Synonyms | A. tridentata subsp. spiciformis, Seriphidium spiciforme | |||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 846. (1753) | Osterhout: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 507. (1900) | ||||||||
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