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beach wormwood, field sagewort, field wormwood, northern wormwood, Pacific sagewort, sand wormwood

beach sagewort, beach wormwood, coastal sagewort, sandhill sage

Habit Biennials or perennials, (10–)30–80(–150) cm, faintly aromatic; taprooted, caudices branched. Perennials, 30–70(–100) cm, faintly aromatic.
Stems

usually 1–5, turning reddish brown, (often ribbed) tomentose or glabrous.

usually 10+ (rising beyond basal leaves, decumbent), whitish gray, (ca. 5 mm diam., densely leafy) densely hairy.

Leaves

persistent or deciduous, mostly basal;

basal blades 4–12 cm;

cauline gradually reduced, 2–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, 2–3-pinnately lobed, lobes linear to narrowly oblong, apices acute, faces densely to sparsely white-pubescent.

persistent, gray-green;

blades broadly lanceolate, faces woolly-hairy;

proximalmost blades 3–8 × 2–6 cm, 2–3-pinnatifid, lobes linear (to 2 mm wide);

cauline somewhat reduced, 2–3 × 0.8–1.2 cm;

apices acute, faces hairy.

Involucres

broadly turbinate, 2.5–3(–5) × 2–3.5(–7) mm.

globose, 3–4.5 × 3–4.5 mm.

Florets

pistillate 5–20; functionally staminate 12–30;

corollas pale yellow, sparsely hairy or glabrous.

pistillate 5–20; functionally staminate 12–25;

corollas pale yellow (broadly tubular), ca. 2 mm, glabrous.

Phyllaries

(margins scarious) glabrous or villous-tomentose.

lanceolate, margins obscured by indument, hairs straight.

Heads

(pedunculate) in (mostly leafless) paniculiform arrays.

(sessile, clustered in glomerules) in (densely leafy) paniculiform to spiciform arrays 10–20(–30) × 1–4 cm.

Cypselae

oblong-lanceoloid, somewhat compressed, 0.8–1 mm, faintly nerved, glabrous.

ellipsoid (faintly nerved), 1–1.5 mm, glabrous.

Artemisia campestris

Artemisia pycnocephala

Phenology Flowering late spring–mid summer.
Habitat Rocky or sandy soils of coastal beaches
Elevation 0–200 m (0–700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; FL; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TX; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NU; ON; QC; SK; especially mountains and high latitudes; Eurasia
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies ca. 7 (3 in the flora).

Artemisia campestris varies; each morphologic form grades into another. The present circumscription is conservative in that only three subspecies are recognized; the subspecies usually can be separated geographically as well as morphologically. Populations in western North America consist primarily of subsp. pacifica; east of the continental divide, plants are assigned to subsp. canadensis in northern latitudes and to subsp. caudata in southern latitudes.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Perennials; stems 2–5; basal rosettes persistent
subsp. pacifica
1. Biennials; stems 1(–3); basal rosettes not persistent (withering before flowering)
→ 2
2. Involucres globose, 3–4 × 3.5–5 mm; n of 50°, primarily Canada
subsp. canadensis
2. Involucres turbinate, 2–3 × 2–3 mm; s of 50°, e from Rocky Mountains to coastal North America
subsp. caudata
Source FNA vol. 19, p. 506. FNA vol. 19, p. 509.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Drancunculus Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Drancunculus
Sibling taxa
A. abrotanum, A. absinthium, A. alaskana, A. aleutica, A. annua, A. arbuscula, A. biennis, A. bigelovii, A. borealis, A. californica, A. cana, A. carruthii, A. douglasiana, A. dracunculus, A. filifolia, A. franserioides, A. frigida, A. furcata, A. globularia, A. glomerata, A. laciniata, A. longifolia, A. ludoviciana, A. michauxiana, A. nesiotica, A. norvegica, A. nova, A. packardiae, A. palmeri, A. papposa, A. pattersonii, A. pedatifida, A. pontica, A. porteri, A. pycnocephala, A. pygmaea, A. rigida, A. rothrockii, A. rupestris, A. scopulorum, A. senjavinensis, A. serrata, A. spiciformis, A. stelleriana, A. suksdorfii, A. tilesii, A. tridentata, A. tripartita, A. vulgaris
A. abrotanum, A. absinthium, A. alaskana, A. aleutica, A. annua, A. arbuscula, A. biennis, A. bigelovii, A. borealis, A. californica, A. campestris, A. cana, A. carruthii, A. douglasiana, A. dracunculus, A. filifolia, A. franserioides, A. frigida, A. furcata, A. globularia, A. glomerata, A. laciniata, A. longifolia, A. ludoviciana, A. michauxiana, A. nesiotica, A. norvegica, A. nova, A. packardiae, A. palmeri, A. papposa, A. pattersonii, A. pedatifida, A. pontica, A. porteri, A. pygmaea, A. rigida, A. rothrockii, A. rupestris, A. scopulorum, A. senjavinensis, A. serrata, A. spiciformis, A. stelleriana, A. suksdorfii, A. tilesii, A. tridentata, A. tripartita, A. vulgaris
Subordinate taxa
A. campestris subsp. canadensis, A. campestris subsp. caudata, A. campestris subsp. pacifica
Synonyms Oligosporus pycnocephalus, A. campestris subsp. pycnocephala
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 846. (1753) (Lessing) de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 6: 99. (1838)
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