Artemisia campestris |
Artemisia dracunculus |
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beach wormwood, field sagewort, field wormwood, northern wormwood, Pacific sagewort, sand wormwood |
dragon herb, dragon sagewort, dragon wormwood, tarragon, wild tarragon |
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Habit | Biennials or perennials, (10–)30–80(–150) cm, faintly aromatic; taprooted, caudices branched. | Perennials or subshrubs, 50–120(–150) cm, strongly tarragon-scented or not aromatic; rhizomatous, caudices coarse. | ||||||||
Stems | usually 1–5, turning reddish brown, (often ribbed) tomentose or glabrous. |
relatively numerous, erect, green to brown or reddish brown, somewhat woody, glabrous. |
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Leaves | persistent or deciduous, mostly basal; basal blades 4–12 cm; cauline gradually reduced, 2–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, 2–3-pinnately lobed, lobes linear to narrowly oblong, apices acute, faces densely to sparsely white-pubescent. |
proximal blades bright green and glabrous or gray-green and sparsely hairy, 5–8 cm; cauline blades bright green (gray-green in desert forms), linear, lanceolate, or oblong, 1–7 × 0.1–0.5(–0.9) cm, mostly entire, sometimes irregularly lobed, acute, usually glabrous, sometimes glabrescent (deserts). |
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Involucres | broadly turbinate, 2.5–3(–5) × 2–3.5(–7) mm. |
globose, 2–3 × 2–3.5(–6) mm. |
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Florets | pistillate 5–20; functionally staminate 12–30; corollas pale yellow, sparsely hairy or glabrous. |
pistillate 6–25; functionally staminate 8–20; corollas pale yellow, 1.8–2 mm, eglandular or sparsely glandular. |
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Phyllaries | (margins scarious) glabrous or villous-tomentose. |
(light brown, broadly lanceolate, membranous): margins broadly hyaline, glabrous. |
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Heads | (pedunculate) in (mostly leafless) paniculiform arrays. |
in terminal or lateral, leafy, paniculiform arrays 15–45 × 6–30 cm; appearing ball-like on slender, sometimes nodding peduncles. |
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Cypselae | oblong-lanceoloid, somewhat compressed, 0.8–1 mm, faintly nerved, glabrous. |
oblong, 0.5–0.8 mm, faintly nerved, glabrous. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Artemisia campestris |
Artemisia dracunculus |
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Phenology | Flowering mid summer–late fall. | |||||||||
Habitat | Open meadows and fields, desert scrub, moist drainages, roadsides | |||||||||
Elevation | 500–3000 m (1600–9800 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; FL; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TX; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NU; ON; QC; SK; especially mountains and high latitudes; Eurasia
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OK; OR; SD; TX; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; SK; YT; Eurasia
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Discussion | Subspecies ca. 7 (3 in the flora). Artemisia campestris varies; each morphologic form grades into another. The present circumscription is conservative in that only three subspecies are recognized; the subspecies usually can be separated geographically as well as morphologically. Populations in western North America consist primarily of subsp. pacifica; east of the continental divide, plants are assigned to subsp. canadensis in northern latitudes and to subsp. caudata in southern latitudes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Artemisia dracunculus is widely cultivated as a culinary herb and may be introduced in parts of its range. It is easily cultivated from rootstocks, and while establishment from seeds is rare, seedlings can be found with amenable environmental conditions. Because of its popularity as an herb, it may suffer from overcollecting. Its scarcity in Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois (J. T. Kartesz and C. A. Meacham 1999) may have been caused by overly enthusiastic collecting as well as habitat loss. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 506. | FNA vol. 19, p. 508. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||
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Synonyms | A. aromatica, A. dracunculina, A. dracunculoides, A. dracunculoides subsp. dracunculina, A. glauca, A. glauca var. megacephala | |||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 846. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 849. (1753) | ||||||||
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