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absinth wormwood, absinthe, absinthe wormwood, absinthium, armoise absinthe, common wormwood, green ginger, oldman, oldman wormwood, wormwood

armoise bisannuelle, biennial sagewort, biennial wormwood

Habit Perennials, 40–60(–100) cm (mat-forming), aromatic. Annuals or biennials, (10–)30–80(–150) cm, not aromatic.
Stems

gray-green (sometimes woody proximally), densely canescent to glabrescent (hairs appressed).

1, erect, often reddish, simple (finely striate), glabrous.

Leaves

deciduous, gray-green;

blades broadly ovate, 3–8 × 1–4 cm, mostly pinnately lobed (basal 2–3-pinnatifid, lobes obovate), faces densely canescent.

cauline, green or yellow-green (sessile);

blades broadly lanceolate to ovate, 4–10(–13) × 1.5–4 cm, 1–2-pinnately lobed (ultimate lobes coarsely toothed), faces glabrous.

Involucres

broadly ovoid, 2–3 × 3–5 mm.

globose, 2–4 × (1.5–)2–4 mm.

Florets

pistillate 9–20;

bisexual 30–50;

corollas 1–2 mm, glandular.

pistillate 6–25;

bisexual 15–40;

corollas pale yellow, ca. 2 mm, glabrous.

Phyllaries

gray-green, densely sericeous.

(green) broadly elliptic to obovate, glabrous.

Heads

(nodding) in open (diffusely branched), paniculiform arrays 10–20(–35) × (2–)10–13(–15) cm.

(erect, subsessile) in (leafy) paniculiform to spiciform arrays 12–35(–40) × 2–4 cm (lateral branches relatively short).

Cypselae

(± cylindric, slightly curved, obscurely nerved), ± 0.5 mm, glabrous (shiny).

ellipsoid (4–5-nerved), 0.2–0.9 mm, glabrous.

2n

= 18.

= 18.

Artemisia absinthium

Artemisia biennis

Phenology Flowering mid summer–fall. Flowering mid summer–late fall.
Habitat Widely cultivated, persisting from plantings, disturbed areas Disturbed habitats, margins of vernal pools, desert flats, usually clay or silty soils
Elevation 0–1000 m [0–3300 ft] 600–2000 m [2000–6600 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT [Introduced in Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Artemisia absinthium provides the flavoring as well as the psychoactive ingredient for absinthe liquor, a beverage that is illegal in some markets. Known as a powerful neurotoxin, absinthe in large quantities is addictive as well as deadly. The species is popular in the horticultural trade. Prized by gardeners for its gracefully scalloped leaves and gray-green foliage, it creates an attractive and winter-hardy flower border.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Artemisia biennis is naturalized and weedy in the eastern portion of its range. It is morphologically similar to A. annua, differing primarily in the coarser leaf lobes and larger heads that are sessile in axils of leaflike bracts. Artemisia biennis is considered native to the northwest United States; it may be introduced in other parts of its range. The type specimen is a horticultural specimen from New Zealand.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 519. Treatment author: Leila M. Shultz. FNA vol. 19, p. 523. Treatment author: Leila M. Shultz.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Absinthium Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Artemisia > subg. Artemisia
Sibling taxa
A. abrotanum, A. alaskana, A. aleutica, A. annua, A. arbuscula, A. biennis, A. bigelovii, A. borealis, A. californica, A. campestris, A. cana, A. carruthii, A. douglasiana, A. dracunculus, A. filifolia, A. franserioides, A. frigida, A. furcata, A. globularia, A. glomerata, A. laciniata, A. longifolia, A. ludoviciana, A. michauxiana, A. nesiotica, A. norvegica, A. nova, A. packardiae, A. palmeri, A. papposa, A. pattersonii, A. pedatifida, A. pontica, A. porteri, A. pycnocephala, A. pygmaea, A. rigida, A. rothrockii, A. rupestris, A. scopulorum, A. senjavinensis, A. serrata, A. spiciformis, A. stelleriana, A. suksdorfii, A. tilesii, A. tridentata, A. tripartita, A. vulgaris
A. abrotanum, A. absinthium, A. alaskana, A. aleutica, A. annua, A. arbuscula, A. bigelovii, A. borealis, A. californica, A. campestris, A. cana, A. carruthii, A. douglasiana, A. dracunculus, A. filifolia, A. franserioides, A. frigida, A. furcata, A. globularia, A. glomerata, A. laciniata, A. longifolia, A. ludoviciana, A. michauxiana, A. nesiotica, A. norvegica, A. nova, A. packardiae, A. palmeri, A. papposa, A. pattersonii, A. pedatifida, A. pontica, A. porteri, A. pycnocephala, A. pygmaea, A. rigida, A. rothrockii, A. rupestris, A. scopulorum, A. senjavinensis, A. serrata, A. spiciformis, A. stelleriana, A. suksdorfii, A. tilesii, A. tridentata, A. tripartita, A. vulgaris
Synonyms A. biennis var. diffusa
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 848. (1753) Willdenow: Phytographia, 11. (1794)
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