The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

false oat-grass, fenasse, fromental, tall meadow oat, tall oat-grass

Habit Plants loosely cespitose, sometimes rhizomatous, rhizomes to 3 mm thick.
Culms

50-140 (180) cm, erect, glabrous, unbranched, basal internodes swollen or not;

nodes usually glabrous, occasionally puberulent to densely hairy.

Sheaths

smooth;

ligules 1-3 mm, obtuse to truncate, usually ciliate;

blades 5-32 cm long, (1)3-8(10) mm wide, flat, usually glabrous, rarely shortly pilose, sometimes scabrous.

Panicles

7-30(36) cm long, 1-6(10) cm wide, green, shiny, becoming stramineous, sometimes purple-tinged;

branches 15-20 mm, ascending to divergent, verticillate, usually spikelet-bearing to the base;

pedicels 1-10 mm.

Spikelets

7-11 mm;

rachillas stout, internodes to 0.7 mm, prolongations 1.2-2 mm, slender, apices often with a small, club-shaped rudiment.

Glumes

lanceolate to elliptic;

lower glumes 4-7 mm;

upper glumes 7-10 mm;

callus hairs to 3.7 mm;

lemmas (4)7-10 mm, apices bifid;

awns of lower lemmas 10-20 mm, twisted below, often with alternating light and dark bands;

awns of upper lemmas absent or to 5 mm and arising just below the apices, rarely to 15 mm and arising from above the middle;

paleas 0.5-1 mm shorter than the lemmas, acute;

anthers 3.6-5(6) mm.

Caryopses

4-5 mm long, about 1.2 mm wide, ellipsoid, densely hairy, yellowish.

2n

= 14, 28, 42.

Arrhenatherum elatius

Distribution
from FNA
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; HI; BC; LB; NB; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Arrhenatherum elatius is grown as a forage grass, and yields palatable hay; it does not withstand heavy grazing. It readily escapes from cultivation, and can be found in mesic to dry meadows, the edges of woods, streamsides, rock outcrops, and disturbed areas such as fields, pastures, fence rows, and roadsides. Variegated forms, with the leaves striped green and white or yellow, are cultivated as ornamentals. There are two subspecies, both of which have been found in the Flora region. Plants in which both lemmas have long, geniculate awns have been called A. elatius var. biaristatum (Peterm.) Peterm., but do not merit formal taxonomic recognition.

Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) P. Beauv. ex J. Presl & C. Presl subsp. elatius has glabrous nodes and basal internodes 2-4 mm thick. It is more common than Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. bulbosum (Willd.) Schiibl. 8c G. Martens, which has densely hairy nodes, and swollen basal internodes 5-10 mm thick. While both can be weedy, the latter subspecies is especially difficult to control in cultivated fields, as tilling the soil spreads the swollen internodes, which then propagate vegetatively.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 742.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Arrhenatherum
Synonyms A. elatius var. biaristatum, A. elatius forma biaristatum
Name authority (L.) P. Beauv. ex J. Presl & C. Presl
Web links