Aristida californica |
Aristida basiramea |
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California three-awn, Mojave three-awn |
aristide à rameaux basilaires, fork three-awn, fork-tip threeawn |
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Habit | Plants perennial; sometimes flowering the first year. | Plants annual. | ||||
Culms | 10-40 cm, highly branched above the base in age; internodes glabrous or pubescent, sometimes nearly lanose. |
25-45 cm, erect, branching at most nodes. |
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Leaves | cauline; sheaths shorter than the internodes, glabrous or puberulent; collars glabrous or pubescent at the sides; ligules 0.5-1 mm; blades usually less than 6 cm long, 0.5-1 mm wide, pale green, involute, glabrous or puberulent abaxially. |
cauline; sheaths shorter than the internodes, glabrous or sparsely pilose; ligules about 0.3 mm; blades 3-8 cm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, flat to folded, becoming involute in age, adaxial surfaces with scattered pilose hairs, pale green. |
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Inflorescences | paniculate or racemose, 5-10 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, with few spikelets; rachis nodes glabrous or with straight hairs; primary branches 1-2 cm, appressed, without axillary pulvini. |
racemose or paniculate, (2)4-10 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, with few (sometimes only 1 or 2) spikelets; primary branches weakly developed, to 2 cm, appressed, with 1-3 spikelets. |
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Spikelets | appressed. |
appressed, only slightly overlapping. |
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Glumes | unequal, 1-2-veined; lower glumes 4-10 mm; upper glumes 7-15 mm; calluses about 1 mm; lemmas 5-7 mm, purple or mottled, junction of the lemma and awns evident; awns twisted together basally into a 4-26 mm column, free portions 12-50 mm, those of the central and lateral awns similar in length, curved to arcuate basally, straight and divergent distally, disarticulating at the base of the column at maturity; anthers 3, about 2 mm long. |
1-veined, acute, awned, awns 1-2 mm, brown to purplish; upper glumes 10-12 mm; lower glumes 1-2 mm shorter; calluses 0.4-0.6 mm; lemmas 8-9 mm, light gray, mottled; awns erect to divergent; central awns 10-15 mm, with 2-3 spiral coils at the base; lateral awns 5-10 mm, not coiled but often curved and twisted basally, strongly divergent distally; anthers 3, about 3 mm, purplish-brown. |
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Caryopses | 6-7 mm, light chestnut brown. |
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2n | = 22. |
= unknown. |
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Aristida californica |
Aristida basiramea |
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Distribution |
AZ; CA
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AL; CO; FL; IA; IL; IN; KS; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; ND; NE; NH; NY; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
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Discussion | The range of both varieties of Aristida californica extends from the southwestern United States into northwestern Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Aristida basiramea grows in open, sandy, often barren ground in southern Ontario and in the United States. It is similar to A. dichototna, differing in its longer lateral awns. Further study may show that the two should be treated as conspecific varieties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 319. | FNA vol. 25, p. 326. | ||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Aristidoideae > tribe Aristideae > Aristida | Poaceae > subfam. Aristidoideae > tribe Aristideae > Aristida | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Thurb. | Engelm. ex Vasey | ||||
Web links |