Argemone mexicana |
Argemone squarrosa |
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Mexican poppy, Mexican prickly-poppy, yellow pricklypoppy |
hedgehog pricklypoppy |
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Habit | Plants annual. | Plants perennial. | ||||
Stems | often branching from base, 2.5-8 dm, unarmed or sparingly prickly. |
widely branching, 4-8 dm, moderately to copiously prickly throughout. |
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Leaf | blades: surfaces unarmed or sparingly prickly on veins; proximal lobed 1/2 or more distance to midrib; distal more shallowly lobed, mostly clasping. |
blades: abaxial surface prickly on main veins, adaxial surface prickly or unarmed on main veins, densely prickly-hispid to glabrous between veins; basal lobed 2/3-4/5 distance to midrib, lobe apices angular, marginal teeth 3 mm or more; distal clasping. |
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Inflorescences | buds subglobose, body 10-15 × 9-13 mm, unarmed or sparingly prickly; sepal horns terete, 5-10 mm, unarmed. |
buds subglobose to oblong, body 16-25 × 15-20 mm, prickly; sepal horns angular in cross section, 8-14(-18) mm, apical prickle indurate. |
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Flowers | 4-7 cm broad, subtended by 1-2 foliaceous bracts; petals bright yellow or rarely pale lemon yellow; stamens 30-50; filaments yellow; pistil 4-6-carpellate. |
8-11 cm broad, closely subtended by 1-2 foliaceous bracts; petals white; stamens 150 or more; filaments pale yellow; pistil 4-5-carpellate. |
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Capsules | oblong to broadly ellipsoid, 25-45 × 12-20 mm (including stigma and excluding prickles when present), unarmed or prickly, longest prickles 6-10 mm. |
ellipsoid, oblong or lance-ovoid, 25-50 × 10-18 mm (including stigma and excluding prickles); prickles basally herbaceous, spreading or reflexed, unequal, longest branched, 8-15 mm. |
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Seeds | 1.6-2 mm. |
2-2.5 mm. |
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2n | = 28. |
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Argemone mexicana |
Argemone squarrosa |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting spring–fall, or throughout year in tropics. | |||||
Habitat | Waste places, often a weed of roadsides, dooryards, fallow fields | |||||
Elevation | 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; CT; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NE; NJ; NY; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; ON; Mexico; Central America; West Indies
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CO; KS; NM; OK; TX
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Discussion | Argemone mexicana is probably native to southern Florida as well as the Caribbean islands and has been introduced along the coast of the United States from New England to Texas and, more infrequently, inland. Although it has been reported from Mississippi, no specimens are known. It is widespread in temperate and tropical regions around the world by introduction. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||
Parent taxa | Papaveraceae > Argemone | Papaveraceae > Argemone | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | A. leiocarpa | |||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 508. (1753) | Greene: Pittonia 4: 68. (1899) | ||||
Web links |
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