Argemone mexicana |
Argemone pleiacantha |
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Mexican poppy, Mexican prickly-poppy, yellow pricklypoppy |
Southwestern prickly poppy |
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Habit | Plants annual. | Plants annual or perennial. | ||||||||
Stems | often branching from base, 2.5-8 dm, unarmed or sparingly prickly. |
branched, 5-12 dm, sparingly to closely prickly. |
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Leaf | blades: surfaces unarmed or sparingly prickly on veins; proximal lobed 1/2 or more distance to midrib; distal more shallowly lobed, mostly clasping. |
blades: abaxial surface sparingly prickly on veins, adaxial surface unarmed or sparingly prickly on veins, apices of lobes angular, marginal teeth prominent; proximal lobed ca. 3/4 distance to midrib; distal sometimes clasping. |
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Inflorescences | buds subglobose, body 10-15 × 9-13 mm, unarmed or sparingly prickly; sepal horns terete, 5-10 mm, unarmed. |
buds oblong-obovoid or subglobose, body 14-20 × 11-18 mm, prickly, prickles simple or branched; sepal horns terete or adaxially flattened, 4-12 mm. |
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Flowers | 4-7 cm broad, subtended by 1-2 foliaceous bracts; petals bright yellow or rarely pale lemon yellow; stamens 30-50; filaments yellow; pistil 4-6-carpellate. |
8-12(-16) cm broad; petals white; stamens ca. 150; filaments pale yellow to red; pistil 3-4-carpellate. |
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Capsules | oblong to broadly ellipsoid, 25-45 × 12-20 mm (including stigma and excluding prickles when present), unarmed or prickly, longest prickles 6-10 mm. |
ovoid to ellipsoid-lanceoloid, 25-45 × 10-16 mm (including stigma and excluding prickles), closely to sparingly prickly, longest prickles 4-6(-8) mm. |
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Seeds | 1.6-2 mm. |
2-2.5 mm. |
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2n | = 28. |
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Argemone mexicana |
Argemone pleiacantha |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting spring–fall, or throughout year in tropics. | |||||||||
Habitat | Waste places, often a weed of roadsides, dooryards, fallow fields | |||||||||
Elevation | 0-1500 m [0-4900 ft] | |||||||||
Distribution |
AL; CT; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NE; NJ; NY; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; ON; Mexico; Central America; West Indies
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AZ; NM; Western North America (United States and Mexico)
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Discussion | Argemone mexicana is probably native to southern Florida as well as the Caribbean islands and has been introduced along the coast of the United States from New England to Texas and, more infrequently, inland. Although it has been reported from Mississippi, no specimens are known. It is widespread in temperate and tropical regions around the world by introduction. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | A. leiocarpa | |||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 508. (1753) | Greene: Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 6: 161. (1908) | ||||||||
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