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Mexican poppy, Mexican prickly-poppy, yellow pricklypoppy

rough prickly poppy

Habit Plants annual. Plants perennial.
Stems

often branching from base, 2.5-8 dm, unarmed or sparingly prickly.

3-6 dm, densely prickly and crisped-hispid.

Leaf

blades: surfaces unarmed or sparingly prickly on veins;

proximal lobed 1/2 or more distance to midrib;

distal more shallowly lobed, mostly clasping.

blades: surfaces sparsely to densely crisped-hispid between veins, abaxial surface mostly densely prickly on midrib and main veins, adaxial surface less so;

proximal lobed 4/5 distance to midrib;

distal not clasping.

Inflorescences

buds subglobose, body 10-15 × 9-13 mm, unarmed or sparingly prickly;

sepal horns terete, 5-10 mm, unarmed.

buds oblong, body 16-20 × 14-18 mm, prickly and hispid;

sepal horns 4-7 mm, prickly, apical prickle flattened, indurate.

Flowers

4-7 cm broad, subtended by 1-2 foliaceous bracts;

petals bright yellow or rarely pale lemon yellow;

stamens 30-50;

filaments yellow;

pistil 4-6-carpellate.

7-10 cm broad;

petals white;

stamens 150 or more;

filaments pale yellow;

pistil 3-4-carpellate.

Capsules

oblong to broadly ellipsoid, 25-45 × 12-20 mm (including stigma and excluding prickles when present), unarmed or prickly, longest prickles 6-10 mm.

ovoid, 30-40 × 12-18 mm (including stigma and excluding prickles), densely prickly, surface obscured, longest prickles straight or incurved, ca. 5 mm.

Seeds

1.6-2 mm.

ca. 2.5 mm.

2n

= 28.

Argemone mexicana

Argemone hispida

Phenology Flowering and fruiting spring–fall, or throughout year in tropics. Flowering spring–summer; fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat Waste places, often a weed of roadsides, dooryards, fallow fields Prairies, slopes, and eastern foothills of the Laramie and Rocky mountains
Elevation 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) 1400-2100 m (4600-6900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CT; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NE; NJ; NY; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; ON; Mexico; Central America; West Indies
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CO; NM; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Argemone mexicana is probably native to southern Florida as well as the Caribbean islands and has been introduced along the coast of the United States from New England to Texas and, more infrequently, inland. Although it has been reported from Mississippi, no specimens are known. It is widespread in temperate and tropical regions around the world by introduction.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Papaveraceae > Argemone Papaveraceae > Argemone
Sibling taxa
A. aenea, A. albiflora, A. arizonica, A. aurantiaca, A. chisosensis, A. corymbosa, A. gracilenta, A. hispida, A. munita, A. ochroleuca, A. pleiacantha, A. polyanthemos, A. sanguinea, A. squarrosa
A. aenea, A. albiflora, A. arizonica, A. aurantiaca, A. chisosensis, A. corymbosa, A. gracilenta, A. mexicana, A. munita, A. ochroleuca, A. pleiacantha, A. polyanthemos, A. sanguinea, A. squarrosa
Synonyms A. leiocarpa A. bipinnatifida, A. platyceras var. hispida
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 508. (1753) A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts 4: 5. (1849)
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