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Mexican poppy, Mexican prickly-poppy, yellow pricklypoppy

leafy prickly poppy, Mojave prickly poppy

Habit Plants annual. Plants perennial.
Stems

often branching from base, 2.5-8 dm, unarmed or sparingly prickly.

2-8 dm, scattered-prickly.

Leaf

blades: surfaces unarmed or sparingly prickly on veins;

proximal lobed 1/2 or more distance to midrib;

distal more shallowly lobed, mostly clasping.

blades: surfaces shallowly to deeply lobed, thick, leathery, surfaces unarmed to sparingly prickly, especially abaxial surface on veins;

distal clasping.

Inflorescences

buds subglobose, body 10-15 × 9-13 mm, unarmed or sparingly prickly;

sepal horns terete, 5-10 mm, unarmed.

buds subglobose to ellipsoid-ovoid, body 10-18 × 8-14 mm, sparingly prickly;

sepal horns terete or flattened in cross section, 5-7 mm.

Flowers

4-7 cm broad, subtended by 1-2 foliaceous bracts;

petals bright yellow or rarely pale lemon yellow;

stamens 30-50;

filaments yellow;

pistil 4-6-carpellate.

4-9 cm broad;

petals white;

stamens 100-120;

filaments pale yellow;

pistil 3-5-carpellate.

Capsules

oblong to broadly ellipsoid, 25-45 × 12-20 mm (including stigma and excluding prickles when present), unarmed or prickly, longest prickles 6-10 mm.

ovoid to lanceoloid, 25-35 × 10-16 mm (including stigma and excluding prickles), prickly, surface clearly visible, prickles simple, well spaced, subequal, longest 5-7 mm.

Seeds

1.6-2 mm.

1.5-2 mm.

2n

= 28.

Argemone mexicana

Argemone corymbosa

Phenology Flowering and fruiting spring–fall, or throughout year in tropics.
Habitat Waste places, often a weed of roadsides, dooryards, fallow fields
Elevation 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CT; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NE; NJ; NY; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; ON; Mexico; Central America; West Indies
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; UT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Argemone mexicana is probably native to southern Florida as well as the Caribbean islands and has been introduced along the coast of the United States from New England to Texas and, more infrequently, inland. Although it has been reported from Mississippi, no specimens are known. It is widespread in temperate and tropical regions around the world by introduction.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaf blades essentially unlobed to lobed ca. 1/4 distance to midrib.
subsp. corymbosa
1. Leaf blades lobed 1/2–3/4 distance to midrib.
subsp. arenicola
Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Papaveraceae > Argemone Papaveraceae > Argemone
Sibling taxa
A. aenea, A. albiflora, A. arizonica, A. aurantiaca, A. chisosensis, A. corymbosa, A. gracilenta, A. hispida, A. munita, A. ochroleuca, A. pleiacantha, A. polyanthemos, A. sanguinea, A. squarrosa
A. aenea, A. albiflora, A. arizonica, A. aurantiaca, A. chisosensis, A. gracilenta, A. hispida, A. mexicana, A. munita, A. ochroleuca, A. pleiacantha, A. polyanthemos, A. sanguinea, A. squarrosa
Subordinate taxa
A. corymbosa subsp. arenicola, A. corymbosa subsp. corymbosa
Synonyms A. leiocarpa A. intermedia var. corymbosa
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 508. (1753) Greene: Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2: 59. (1886)
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