Argemone mexicana |
Argemone albiflora |
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Mexican poppy, Mexican prickly-poppy, yellow pricklypoppy |
bluestem pricklypoppy, white prickly-poppy |
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Habit | Plants annual. | Plants annual or biennial. | ||||
Stems | often branching from base, 2.5-8 dm, unarmed or sparingly prickly. |
4-10(-15) dm, sparingly to moderately prickly. |
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Leaf | blades: surfaces unarmed or sparingly prickly on veins; proximal lobed 1/2 or more distance to midrib; distal more shallowly lobed, mostly clasping. |
blades: abaxial surface sparingly prickly on main veins, adaxial surface unarmed or sparingly prickly on main veins; basal and proximal lobed 1/2-4/5 distance to midrib; distal clasping. |
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Inflorescences | buds subglobose, body 10-15 × 9-13 mm, unarmed or sparingly prickly; sepal horns terete, 5-10 mm, unarmed. |
buds broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, body 12-18 × 10-16 mm, sparingly to rather closely prickly; sepal horns terete, 3-6(-10) mm, usually unarmed. |
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Flowers | 4-7 cm broad, subtended by 1-2 foliaceous bracts; petals bright yellow or rarely pale lemon yellow; stamens 30-50; filaments yellow; pistil 4-6-carpellate. |
5-10 cm broad, closely to more distantly subtended by 1-2 foliaceous bracts; petals white; stamens 150 or more; filaments lemon yellow; pistil (3-)4-5(-7)-carpellate. |
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Capsules | oblong to broadly ellipsoid, 25-45 × 12-20 mm (including stigma and excluding prickles when present), unarmed or prickly, longest prickles 6-10 mm. |
oblong, oblong-ellipsoid, or narrowly ellipsoid, 20-40(-45) × 10-15(-25) mm (including stigma and excluding prickles), prickly, surface clearly visible to partially obscured, longest prickles widely spaced, 6-10(-12) mm, sometimes interspersed with smaller ones. |
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Seeds | 1.6-2 mm. |
1.6-2 mm. |
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2n | = 28. |
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Argemone mexicana |
Argemone albiflora |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting spring–fall, or throughout year in tropics. | |||||
Habitat | Waste places, often a weed of roadsides, dooryards, fallow fields | |||||
Elevation | 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; CT; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NE; NJ; NY; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; ON; Mexico; Central America; West Indies
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AL; AR; CT; FL; GA; IL; LA; MA; MI; MO; MS; NC; NY; SC; TX
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Discussion | Argemone mexicana is probably native to southern Florida as well as the Caribbean islands and has been introduced along the coast of the United States from New England to Texas and, more infrequently, inland. Although it has been reported from Mississippi, no specimens are known. It is widespread in temperate and tropical regions around the world by introduction. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||
Parent taxa | Papaveraceae > Argemone | Papaveraceae > Argemone | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | A. leiocarpa | |||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 508. (1753) | Hornemann: Hort. Bot. Hafn. 2: 489. (1815) | ||||
Web links |
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