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bluestem pricklypoppy, white prickly-poppy

chicalote, flatbud prickly poppy, prickly poppy

Habit Plants annual or biennial. Plants annual or perennial.
Stems

4-10(-15) dm, sparingly to moderately prickly.

4-16 dm, densely to sparingly prickly.

Leaf

blades: abaxial surface sparingly prickly on main veins, adaxial surface unarmed or sparingly prickly on main veins;

basal and proximal lobed 1/2-4/5 distance to midrib;

distal clasping.

blades: surfaces copiously prickly on veins and intervein surfaces to sparingly prickly on main veins only;

basal lobed ca. 1/2 distance to midrib, lobe apices usually distinctly rounded, marginal teeth usually less than 1 mm;

distal usually definitely clasping.

Inflorescences

buds broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, body 12-18 × 10-16 mm, sparingly to rather closely prickly;

sepal horns terete, 3-6(-10) mm, usually unarmed.

buds oblong to ellipsoid to obovoid, body 12-22 × 10-16 mm, prickly;

sepal horns terete, flattened or angular in cross section, (4-)6-8(-10) mm, unarmed to densely prickly.

Flowers

5-10 cm broad, closely to more distantly subtended by 1-2 foliaceous bracts;

petals white;

stamens 150 or more;

filaments lemon yellow;

pistil (3-)4-5(-7)-carpellate.

5-10(-13) cm broad, not closely subtended by foliaceous bracts;

petals white;

stamens 150-250;

filaments pale yellow;

pistil 3-5-carpellate.

Capsules

oblong, oblong-ellipsoid, or narrowly ellipsoid, 20-40(-45) × 10-15(-25) mm (including stigma and excluding prickles), prickly, surface clearly visible to partially obscured, longest prickles widely spaced, 6-10(-12) mm, sometimes interspersed with smaller ones.

ovoid, ellipsoid, or lanceoloid, 35-55 × 9-15(-18) mm (including stigma and excluding prickles), prickly, longest prickles to 10 mm, widely spaced, or shorter, more numerous, and interspersed with still shorter prickles, surface then partially obscured.

Seeds

1.6-2 mm.

1.8-2.6 mm.

Argemone albiflora

Argemone munita

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; FL; GA; IL; LA; MA; MI; MO; MS; NC; NY; SC; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; ID; NV; OR; UT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 4 (4 in the flora).

The Kawaiisu used Argemone munita medicinally to treat burns (D. E. Moerman 1986, no varieties specified).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Capsules oblong to oblong-ellipsoid, prickles equal, widely spaced.
subsp. albiflora
1. Capsules usually narrowly ellipsoid, prickles unequal, longer ones widely spaced, interspersed with shorter, unequal ones.
subsp. texana
1. Prickles 0–30 per cm² on main stem below capsule; leaf surfaces unarmed or sparingly prickly on veins and intervein areas.
→ 2
1. Prickles 100–500 per cm² on main stem below capsule; leaf surfaces mostly closely prickly on veins and intervein areas.
→ 3
2. Prickles 0–10 per cm²; abaxial leaf surface sparingly prickly on main veins, adaxial surface usually unarmed.
subsp. robusta
2. Prickles 10–30 per cm²; both leaf surfaces sparingly to moderately prickly on veins and often on intervein areas.
subsp. munita
3. Longest prickles of stem 4–6 mm; stems usually purplish; bud prickles sometimes branched.
subsp. rotundata
3. Longest prickles of stem 7–10 mm; stems greenish white; bud prickles simple.
subsp. argentea
Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Papaveraceae > Argemone Papaveraceae > Argemone
Sibling taxa
A. aenea, A. arizonica, A. aurantiaca, A. chisosensis, A. corymbosa, A. gracilenta, A. hispida, A. mexicana, A. munita, A. ochroleuca, A. pleiacantha, A. polyanthemos, A. sanguinea, A. squarrosa
A. aenea, A. albiflora, A. arizonica, A. aurantiaca, A. chisosensis, A. corymbosa, A. gracilenta, A. hispida, A. mexicana, A. ochroleuca, A. pleiacantha, A. polyanthemos, A. sanguinea, A. squarrosa
Subordinate taxa
A. albiflora subsp. albiflora, A. albiflora subsp. texana
A. munita subsp. argentea, A. munita subsp. munita, A. munita subsp. robusta, A. munita subsp. rotundata
Name authority Hornemann: Hort. Bot. Hafn. 2: 489. (1815) Durand & Hilgard: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, 3: 37. (1854)
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