FNA: Arctostaphylos imbricata vs. Arctostaphylos refugioensis

	Arctostaphylos imbricata	Arctostaphylos refugioensis
	San Bruno Mountain manzanita	refugio manzanita
Habit	Shrubs, prostrate or mat- or mound-forming, 0.1–1 m; burl absent; twigs densely fine-hairy with long, gland-tipped hairs.	Shrubs, erect, 2–4 m; burl absent; twigs densely short-hairy with longer, gland-tipped hairs.
Leaves	petiole to 2 mm; blade light green, dull, orbiculate to orbiculate-ovate, 2.5–4 × 2–3 cm, base auriculate-clasping, margins entire, plane, surfaces papillate, ± scabrous, sparsely glandular-hairy.	petiole to 2 mm; blade glaucous, dull, ovate to oblong-ovate, 3–4.5 × 2–3 cm, base distinctly lobed, auriculate-clasping, margins entire, plane, surfaces smooth, glabrous or midrib ± finely hairy.
Inflorescences	panicles, 3–5-branched; immature inflorescence pendent, (branches densely clustered, ± sessile), axis 0.5–1 cm, 1+ mm diam., densely fine-hairy with long, gland-tipped hairs; bracts appressed, leaflike, ovate, 5–10 mm, apex acute, surfaces glandular-hairy.	panicles, 5–10-branched; immature inflorescence pendent, branches spreading (open, loose, with overlapping bracts), axis 2–3 cm, 1+ mm diam., densely short-hairy with longer, gland-tipped hairs; bracts not appressed, leaflike, ovate to wide-elliptic, 4–10 mm, apex acute, surfaces finely glandular-hairy.
Pedicels	3–5 mm, densely glandular-hairy.	7–9 mm, finely glandular-hairy.
Flowers	corolla white, urceolate; ovary densely glandular-hairy.	corolla white, conic to urceolate; ovary glabrous.
Fruits	depressed-globose, 6–7 mm diam., glandular-hairy, (± viscid).	globose, 10–15 mm diam., glabrous.
Stones	distinct.	connate into single sphere.
2n	= 26.	= 26.

	Arctostaphylos imbricata	Arctostaphylos refugioensis
Phenology	Flowering winter–early spring.	Flowering winter–early spring.
Habitat	Maritime chaparral on sandstone outcroppings	Chaparral
Elevation	100-200 m (300-700 ft)	400-600 m (1300-2000 ft)
Distribution	CA [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	CA [BONAP county map]
Discussion	Of conservation concern. Arctostaphylos imbricata occurs on San Bruno Mountain in San Mateo County. It is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Of conservation concern. Arctostaphylos refugioensis is known from one population in Refugio Canyon in Santa Barbara County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 8, p. 435.	FNA vol. 8, p. 431.
Parent taxa	Ericaceae > subfam. Arbutoideae > Arctostaphylos	Ericaceae > subfam. Arbutoideae > Arctostaphylos
Sibling taxa	A. andersonii, A. auriculata, A. bakeri, A. canescens, A. catalinae, A. columbiana, A. confertiflora, A. crustacea, A. cruzensis, A. densiflora, A. edmundsii, A. franciscana, A. gabilanensis, A. glandulosa, A. glauca, A. glutinosa, A. hispidula, A. hookeri, A. hooveri, A. insularis, A. klamathensis, A. luciana, A. malloryi, A. manzanita, A. mewukka, A. montana, A. montaraensis, A. montereyensis, A. morroensis, A. myrtifolia, A. nevadensis, A. nissenana, A. nortensis, A. nummularia, A. obispoensis, A. ohloneana, A. osoensis, A. otayensis, A. pacifica, A. pajaroensis, A. pallida, A. parryana, A. patula, A. pechoensis, A. pilosula, A. pringlei, A. pumila, A. pungens, A. purissima, A. rainbowensis, A. refugioensis, A. regismontana, A. rudis, A. sensitiva, A. silvicola, A. stanfordiana, A. tomentosa, A. uva-ursi, A. virgata, A. viridissima, A. viscida	A. andersonii, A. auriculata, A. bakeri, A. canescens, A. catalinae, A. columbiana, A. confertiflora, A. crustacea, A. cruzensis, A. densiflora, A. edmundsii, A. franciscana, A. gabilanensis, A. glandulosa, A. glauca, A. glutinosa, A. hispidula, A. hookeri, A. hooveri, A. imbricata, A. insularis, A. klamathensis, A. luciana, A. malloryi, A. manzanita, A. mewukka, A. montana, A. montaraensis, A. montereyensis, A. morroensis, A. myrtifolia, A. nevadensis, A. nissenana, A. nortensis, A. nummularia, A. obispoensis, A. ohloneana, A. osoensis, A. otayensis, A. pacifica, A. pajaroensis, A. pallida, A. parryana, A. patula, A. pechoensis, A. pilosula, A. pringlei, A. pumila, A. pungens, A. purissima, A. rainbowensis, A. regismontana, A. rudis, A. sensitiva, A. silvicola, A. stanfordiana, A. tomentosa, A. uva-ursi, A. virgata, A. viridissima, A. viscida
Synonyms	A. andersonii var. imbricata
Name authority	Eastwood: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 20: 149. 1931 ,	Gankin: Four Seasons 2(2): 13, fig. p. 13. 1967 ,
Web links	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Arctostaphylos imbricata

Arctostaphylos refugioensis

San Bruno Mountain manzanita

refugio manzanita

Habit

Shrubs, prostrate or mat- or mound-forming, 0.1–1 m; burl absent; twigs densely fine-hairy with long, gland-tipped hairs.

Shrubs, erect, 2–4 m; burl absent; twigs densely short-hairy with longer, gland-tipped hairs.

Leaves

petiole to 2 mm;

blade light green, dull, orbiculate to orbiculate-ovate, 2.5–4 × 2–3 cm, base auriculate-clasping, margins entire, plane, surfaces papillate, ± scabrous, sparsely glandular-hairy.

petiole to 2 mm;

blade glaucous, dull, ovate to oblong-ovate, 3–4.5 × 2–3 cm, base distinctly lobed, auriculate-clasping, margins entire, plane, surfaces smooth, glabrous or midrib ± finely hairy.

Inflorescences

panicles, 3–5-branched;

immature inflorescence pendent, (branches densely clustered, ± sessile), axis 0.5–1 cm, 1+ mm diam., densely fine-hairy with long, gland-tipped hairs;

bracts appressed, leaflike, ovate, 5–10 mm, apex acute, surfaces glandular-hairy.

panicles, 5–10-branched;

immature inflorescence pendent, branches spreading (open, loose, with overlapping bracts), axis 2–3 cm, 1+ mm diam., densely short-hairy with longer, gland-tipped hairs;

bracts not appressed, leaflike, ovate to wide-elliptic, 4–10 mm, apex acute, surfaces finely glandular-hairy.

Pedicels

3–5 mm, densely glandular-hairy.

7–9 mm, finely glandular-hairy.

Flowers

corolla white, urceolate;

ovary densely glandular-hairy.

corolla white, conic to urceolate;

ovary glabrous.

Fruits

depressed-globose, 6–7 mm diam., glandular-hairy, (± viscid).

globose, 10–15 mm diam., glabrous.

Stones

distinct.

connate into single sphere.

= 26.

Arctostaphylos imbricata

Arctostaphylos refugioensis

Phenology

Flowering winter–early spring.

Habitat

Maritime chaparral on sandstone outcroppings

Chaparral

Elevation

100-200 m (300-700 ft)

400-600 m (1300-2000 ft)

Distribution

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Arctostaphylos imbricata occurs on San Bruno Mountain in San Mateo County. It is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Arctostaphylos refugioensis is known from one population in Refugio Canyon in Santa Barbara County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 8, p. 435.

FNA vol. 8, p. 431.

Parent taxa

Ericaceae > subfam. Arbutoideae > Arctostaphylos

Sibling taxa

A. andersonii, A. auriculata, A. bakeri, A. canescens, A. catalinae, A. columbiana, A. confertiflora, A. crustacea, A. cruzensis, A. densiflora, A. edmundsii, A. franciscana, A. gabilanensis, A. glandulosa, A. glauca, A. glutinosa, A. hispidula, A. hookeri, A. hooveri, A. insularis, A. klamathensis, A. luciana, A. malloryi, A. manzanita, A. mewukka, A. montana, A. montaraensis, A. montereyensis, A. morroensis, A. myrtifolia, A. nevadensis, A. nissenana, A. nortensis, A. nummularia, A. obispoensis, A. ohloneana, A. osoensis, A. otayensis, A. pacifica, A. pajaroensis, A. pallida, A. parryana, A. patula, A. pechoensis, A. pilosula, A. pringlei, A. pumila, A. pungens, A. purissima, A. rainbowensis, A. refugioensis, A. regismontana, A. rudis, A. sensitiva, A. silvicola, A. stanfordiana, A. tomentosa, A. uva-ursi, A. virgata, A. viridissima, A. viscida

A. andersonii, A. auriculata, A. bakeri, A. canescens, A. catalinae, A. columbiana, A. confertiflora, A. crustacea, A. cruzensis, A. densiflora, A. edmundsii, A. franciscana, A. gabilanensis, A. glandulosa, A. glauca, A. glutinosa, A. hispidula, A. hookeri, A. hooveri, A. imbricata, A. insularis, A. klamathensis, A. luciana, A. malloryi, A. manzanita, A. mewukka, A. montana, A. montaraensis, A. montereyensis, A. morroensis, A. myrtifolia, A. nevadensis, A. nissenana, A. nortensis, A. nummularia, A. obispoensis, A. ohloneana, A. osoensis, A. otayensis, A. pacifica, A. pajaroensis, A. pallida, A. parryana, A. patula, A. pechoensis, A. pilosula, A. pringlei, A. pumila, A. pungens, A. purissima, A. rainbowensis, A. regismontana, A. rudis, A. sensitiva, A. silvicola, A. stanfordiana, A. tomentosa, A. uva-ursi, A. virgata, A. viridissima, A. viscida

Synonyms

A. andersonii var. imbricata

Name authority

Eastwood: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 20: 149. 1931 ,

Gankin: Four Seasons 2(2): 13, fig. p. 13. 1967 ,

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

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Flora of North America species comparison

Arctostaphylos imbricata

Arctostaphylos refugioensis

Arctostaphylos imbricata

Arctostaphylos refugioensis