Arabis alpina |
Arabis caucasica |
|
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alpine rockcress, arabis alpina |
garden rockcress, mountain rockcress, rock cress |
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Habit | Perennials; (stoloniferous, with vegetative rosettes, loosely cespitose to somewhat pulvinate); sparsely to moderately pubescent, trichomes stalked, cruciform, stellate, mixed with simple and forked-stalked ones. | Perennials; (stoloniferous, with vegetative rosettes, loosely cespitose to somewhat pulvinate); sparsely to moderately pubescent, trichomes stalked, cruciform, stellate, mixed with simple and forked-stalked ones. |
Stems | usually simple from base, erect to ascending, often branched proximally, (0.6–)1–2(–2.5) dm. |
several to many from base, erect, ascending to decumbent, branched (several), 1.5–3.5(–5) dm. |
Basal leaves | petiole 0–1 cm; blade spatulate, oblanceolate, oblong, or obovate, (0.4–)1–4(–5) cm × (3–)6–15(–20) mm, margins dentate to denticulate, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces usually pubescent, rarely subglabrate, trichomes stellate with simple rays. |
petiole 0–1 cm; blade spatulate, oblanceolate, oblong, or obovate, 2–5.5(–8) cm × 9–18(–25) mm, margins dentate to denticulate, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces usually pubescent, rarely subglabrate, trichomes stellate with some rays branched. |
Cauline leaves | 3–5(–6); blade oblong or ovate, 1–3 cm × 5–15 mm, base subcordate or auriculate, margins usually dentate, rarely subentire, apex acute or obtuse. |
4–8; blade oblong or ovate, 1–5 cm × 5–20 mm, base subcordate or auriculate, margins usually dentate, rarely subentire, apex acute or obtuse. |
Racemes | simple, (lax). |
simple, (lax). |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 2.5–4(–4.7) × 1–2 mm, lateral pair conspicuously saccate basally; petals white, spatulate to obovate, 5–8(–9) × 2–3.5 mm, apex obtuse; filaments 3–5 mm; anthers oblong, 0.7–1.2 mm. |
sepals oblong, 4.5–8 × 1–2 mm, lateral pair conspicuously saccate basally; petals white, spatulate to obovate, 10–19 × 4–8 mm, apex obtuse; filaments 4–7 mm; anthers oblong, 0.7–1.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate, 4–10(–12) mm. |
ascending to divaricate, 7–17(–20) mm. |
Fruits | ascending to spreading, torulose, 1.7–3.5(–4) cm × 1–1.7 mm; valves each with midvein absent or obscure, along proximal 1/2; ovules 34–50 per ovary; style 0.3–0.6 mm. |
ascending to spreading, torulose, (3–)4–7 cm × 1–2 mm; valves each with midvein absent or obscure, along proximal 1/2; ovules 40–60 per ovary; style 0.5–1 mm. |
Seeds | narrowly winged throughout, ovate, 1–1.4 × 0.9–1.1 mm; wing 0.1–0.2 mm wide. |
narrowly winged throughout, ovate, 1–1.4 × 0.9–1.1 mm; wing 0.1–0.2 mm wide. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Arabis alpina |
Arabis caucasica |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Crevices of limestone rocks, along streams, calcareous alpine meadows, Salix scrub on slopes with scree | Rare garden escape |
Elevation | 0-2400 m (0-7900 ft) | |
Distribution |
NY; WA; NL; NU; QC; Greenland; Europe; sw Asia; n Africa; tropical Africa
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MI; NY; BC; NB; ON; QC; YT; sw Asia [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Arabis alpina, the generic type, is variable. It is cultivated extensively for its attractive flowers, and it sometimes escapes from cultivation. There is disagreement as to whether one or more species should be recognized in this complex. European, some African, and most North American plants are recognized as A. alpina; most of the larger-flowered, southwestern Asian plants, which are most commonly cultivated, are recognized as A. caucasica or as A. alpina subsp. caucasica (Willdenow) Briquet. In my opinion, the morphological differences between the two (see key, couplet 3) support recognition of two species, as did R. C. Rollins (1993) and G. A. Mulligan (1996). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 259. | FNA vol. 7, p. 259. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | A. alpina var. glabrata | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 664. (1753) | Willdenow: Enum. Pl., suppl., 45. (1814) |
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