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ancolie vulgaire, European columbine

desert columbine

Stems

30-72 cm.

40-100 cm.

Basal leaves

2x-ternately compound, 10-30 cm, much shorter than stems;

leaflets green adaxially, to 15-47 mm, not viscid;

primary petiolules 22-60 mm (leaflets not crowded), pilose or rarely glabrous.

2-3x-ternately compound, 9-45 cm, much shorter than stems;

leaflets to 11-38 mm, sometimes viscid, glaucous on both surfaces;

primary petiolules 23-80 mm (leaflets not crowded), glabrous or pilose.

Flowers

nodding;

sepals divergent from or perpendicular to floral axis, mostly blue or purple, lance-ovate, (10-)15-25 × 8-12 mm, apex broadly acute or obtuse;

petals: spurs mostly blue or purple, hooked, 14-22 mm, stout, evenly tapered from base, blades mostly blue or purple, oblong, 10-13 × 6-10 mm;

stamens 9-13 mm.

nodding;

sepals perpendicular to floral axis, red (or sometimes partly yellow or green), lanceolate to elliptic, 10-20 × 4-8 mm, apex acuminate or acute;

petals: spurs red or pink, straight, ± parallel, 12-25(-30) mm, rather stout, usually abruptly narrowed near middle, blades yellow, oblong or rounded, 2-5 × 4-7 mm;

stamens 12-16 mm.

Follicles

15-25 mm;

beak 7-15 mm.

14-25 mm;

beak 9-12 mm.

2n

= 14 (Europe).

Aquilegia vulgaris

Aquilegia shockleyi

Phenology Flowering spring–summer (May–Jul). Flowering spring–summer (Apr–Aug).
Habitat Disturbed habitats Moist places in dry woodlands and shrublands
Elevation 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) 1200-2700 m (3900-8900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; IA; IL; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; VT; WA; WV; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; native to Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; NV
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Aquilegia vulgaris is cultivated as an ornamental and occasionally escapes into disturbed habitats. Most plants have blue or purple flowers (the wild type), but horticultural races with white or reddish flowers sometimes become established. Many cultivated columbines are derived from hybrids between A. vulgaris and related species. Some of our escaped plants are probably descended from such hybrids.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Aquilegia Ranunculaceae > Aquilegia
Sibling taxa
A. barnebyi, A. brevistyla, A. canadensis, A. chaplinei, A. chrysantha, A. coerulea, A. desertorum, A. elegantula, A. eximia, A. flavescens, A. formosa, A. hinckleyana, A. jonesii, A. laramiensis, A. longissima, A. micrantha, A. pubescens, A. saximontana, A. scopulorum, A. shockleyi
A. barnebyi, A. brevistyla, A. canadensis, A. chaplinei, A. chrysantha, A. coerulea, A. desertorum, A. elegantula, A. eximia, A. flavescens, A. formosa, A. hinckleyana, A. jonesii, A. laramiensis, A. longissima, A. micrantha, A. pubescens, A. saximontana, A. scopulorum, A. vulgaris
Synonyms A. formosa var. caelifax, A. mohavensis
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 533. (1753) Eastwood: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 193-194. (1905)
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