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ancolie vulgaire, European columbine

rock columbine, Utah columbine

Stems

30-72 cm.

5-30 cm.

Basal leaves

2x-ternately compound, 10-30 cm, much shorter than stems;

leaflets green adaxially, to 15-47 mm, not viscid;

primary petiolules 22-60 mm (leaflets not crowded), pilose or rarely glabrous.

2x-ternately compound, 3-12 cm, much shorter than stems;

leaflets to 5-14 mm, not viscid, glaucous on both sides;

primary petiolules 3-15 mm (leaflets densely crowded), glabrous or pilose.

Flowers

nodding;

sepals divergent from or perpendicular to floral axis, mostly blue or purple, lance-ovate, (10-)15-25 × 8-12 mm, apex broadly acute or obtuse;

petals: spurs mostly blue or purple, hooked, 14-22 mm, stout, evenly tapered from base, blades mostly blue or purple, oblong, 10-13 × 6-10 mm;

stamens 9-13 mm.

erect;

sepals perpendicular to floral axis, blue to white or sometimes reddish purple, ovate-oblong, 13-22 × 4-10 mm, apex obtuse or broadly acute;

petals: spurs blue to white or reddish purple, straight, ± parallel, 25-40 mm, slender, evenly tapered from base, blades white, yellow, blue, or reddish purple, oblong or spatulate, 8-14 × 4-7 mm;

stamens 11-15 mm.

Follicles

15-25 mm;

beak 7-15 mm.

10-18 mm;

beak 8-11 mm.

2n

= 14 (Europe).

Aquilegia vulgaris

Aquilegia scopulorum

Phenology Flowering spring–summer (May–Jul). Flowering summer (Jun–Aug).
Habitat Disturbed habitats Rocky slopes, woodlands, or meadows
Elevation 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) 2000-3500 m (6600-11500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; IA; IL; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; VT; WA; WV; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; native to Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
NV; UT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Aquilegia vulgaris is cultivated as an ornamental and occasionally escapes into disturbed habitats. Most plants have blue or purple flowers (the wild type), but horticultural races with white or reddish flowers sometimes become established. Many cultivated columbines are derived from hybrids between A. vulgaris and related species. Some of our escaped plants are probably descended from such hybrids.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Populations intermediate between Aquilegia scopulorum and A. coerulea are known from Utah. Aquilegia scopulorum has also been reported from southern Wyoming; the record is doubtful.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Aquilegia Ranunculaceae > Aquilegia
Sibling taxa
A. barnebyi, A. brevistyla, A. canadensis, A. chaplinei, A. chrysantha, A. coerulea, A. desertorum, A. elegantula, A. eximia, A. flavescens, A. formosa, A. hinckleyana, A. jonesii, A. laramiensis, A. longissima, A. micrantha, A. pubescens, A. saximontana, A. scopulorum, A. shockleyi
A. barnebyi, A. brevistyla, A. canadensis, A. chaplinei, A. chrysantha, A. coerulea, A. desertorum, A. elegantula, A. eximia, A. flavescens, A. formosa, A. hinckleyana, A. jonesii, A. laramiensis, A. longissima, A. micrantha, A. pubescens, A. saximontana, A. shockleyi, A. vulgaris
Synonyms A. scopulorum var. calcarea
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 533. (1753) Tidestrom: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 1: 167, plate 11. (1910)
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