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ancolie vulgaire, European columbine

serpentine columbine, Van Houtte's columbine

Stems

30-72 cm.

50-100 cm.

Basal leaves

2x-ternately compound, 10-30 cm, much shorter than stems;

leaflets green adaxially, to 15-47 mm, not viscid;

primary petiolules 22-60 mm (leaflets not crowded), pilose or rarely glabrous.

2-3x-ternately compound, 15-35 cm, much shorter than stems;

leaflets green adaxially, to 10-48 mm, somewhat viscid;

primary petiolules 21-90 mm (leaflets not crowded), glandular-pubescent.

Flowers

nodding;

sepals divergent from or perpendicular to floral axis, mostly blue or purple, lance-ovate, (10-)15-25 × 8-12 mm, apex broadly acute or obtuse;

petals: spurs mostly blue or purple, hooked, 14-22 mm, stout, evenly tapered from base, blades mostly blue or purple, oblong, 10-13 × 6-10 mm;

stamens 9-13 mm.

nodding;

sepals perpendicular to floral axis, red, lance-ovate, 15-28 × 5-10 mm, apex narrowly acute or acuminate;

petals: spurs red, straight, ± parallel, 18-32 mm, stout, abruptly narrowed near middle, mouth yellow, cut obliquely backward from insertion, blade thus absent;

stamens 17-30 mm.

Follicles

15-25 mm;

beak 7-15 mm.

15-25 mm;

beak 12-20 mm.

2n

= 14 (Europe).

Aquilegia vulgaris

Aquilegia eximia

Phenology Flowering spring–summer (May–Jul). Flowering spring–summer (May–Aug).
Habitat Disturbed habitats Damp rocky places
Elevation 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) 0-2000 m (0-6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; IA; IL; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; VT; WA; WV; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; native to Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Aquilegia vulgaris is cultivated as an ornamental and occasionally escapes into disturbed habitats. Most plants have blue or purple flowers (the wild type), but horticultural races with white or reddish flowers sometimes become established. Many cultivated columbines are derived from hybrids between A. vulgaris and related species. Some of our escaped plants are probably descended from such hybrids.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Aquilegia Ranunculaceae > Aquilegia
Sibling taxa
A. barnebyi, A. brevistyla, A. canadensis, A. chaplinei, A. chrysantha, A. coerulea, A. desertorum, A. elegantula, A. eximia, A. flavescens, A. formosa, A. hinckleyana, A. jonesii, A. laramiensis, A. longissima, A. micrantha, A. pubescens, A. saximontana, A. scopulorum, A. shockleyi
A. barnebyi, A. brevistyla, A. canadensis, A. chaplinei, A. chrysantha, A. coerulea, A. desertorum, A. elegantula, A. flavescens, A. formosa, A. hinckleyana, A. jonesii, A. laramiensis, A. longissima, A. micrantha, A. pubescens, A. saximontana, A. scopulorum, A. shockleyi, A. vulgaris
Synonyms A. fontinalis
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 533. (1753) Van Houtte ex Planchon: J. Gén. Hort. 12: 13, plate 1188. (1857)
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