Aphanes australis |
Aphanes arvensis |
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slender parsley-piert, small-fruit parsley-piert |
field parsley-piert, western lady's-mantle |
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Habit | Plants slender, appressed-hairy throughout, hairs usually less than 0.8 mm. | Plants slender or relatively robust, densely hairy throughout, hairs, at least some, more than 1 mm. |
Stems | ascending or erect, simple or branched, (1–)3–10(–22) cm. |
± erect or spreading, usually branched from base, 2–20(–30) cm. |
Leaves | 5–10 mm; stipules overlapping, (2.5–)4–6(–7) mm, divided ca. 1/2 their length, lobes (5–)7–10(–12), on distal nodes oblong, 2–4(–5) times as long as wide; petiole free from stipules in proximal leaves, adnate in distal ones; blade 5 mm, prominently divided into 3 segments, each (1–)2–3(–4)-lobed. |
6–16 mm; stipules overlapping, 4–10 mm, divided 1/3–1/2 their length, lobes 8–12, on distal nodes ± triangular, length 1–2(–4) times as long as width; petiole free from stipules in proximal and distal leaves; blade 4–10 mm, divided into 3–4 segments, each segment 3–4(–5)-lobed. |
Inflorescences | opposing leaves, dense, flowers tending to remain hidden. |
opposing leaves, dense, flowers not completely hidden. |
Pedicels | less than 1 mm. |
less than 1 mm. |
Flowers | (0.8–)1.2–1.3(–1.4) × 0.7–0.8 mm, 1–1.5 mm in fruit; epicalyx bractlets 0–0.1 mm; hypanthium subglobose to ellipsoid, not contracted at apex, not distinctly 8-ribbed, hairy between ribs 2/3–3/4 of length, sometimes glabrescent; sepals connivent, 0.2 mm, long-ciliate. |
1.3–1.8 × 0.8–1 mm, 1.5–2.5 mm in fruit; epicalyx bractlets 0–0.1 mm; hypanthium ovoid to ellipsoid, contracted at apex, 8-ribbed, spreading-erect hairy in proximal 2/3, glabrescent in distal 1/3; sepals ± spreading to erect, 0.4–0.7 mm, long-ciliate. |
Fruits | (0.9–)1.4–1.6(–1.7) mm. |
(1.6–)1.8–2.3(–2.5) mm. |
2n | = 16. |
= 48. |
Aphanes australis |
Aphanes arvensis |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Fields, sandy places | Fields, usually on sandy soil, mossy and grassy sites, moist shade, gravelly roadsides, shady, bare patches in lawns, shallow soil pockets on rocky seashores, meadows, hillsides |
Elevation | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) | 0–150 m (0–500 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NY; OK; OR; SC; TN; TX; VA; WA; BC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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CA; DE; GA; ID; NJ; OR; WA; BC; NS; Europe; sw Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America (Chile), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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Discussion | Plants of Aphanes australis have commonly been misidentified as A. microcarpa (Boisser & Reuter) Rothmaler (or Alchemilla microcarpa Boisser & Reuter), an endemic to the western Mediterranean region. Plants native to other parts of Europe, but misidentified as A. microcarpa were described in 1984 as a new species, A. inexspectata, but this taxon had previously been described by Rydberg as A. australis from plants introduced to the eastern United States (P. Frost-Olsen 1998). Aphanes microcarpa is not present in North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 311. | FNA vol. 9, p. 310. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | A. inexspectata | Alchemilla arvensis |
Name authority | Rydberg: in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 22: 380. (1908) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 123. (1753) |
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