Flora of North America species comparison

1.5–3 cm, 0.8–1 mm thick when dry, profusely branched, irregularly pinnate, primary branches prostrate to arcuate, mostly attenuate, secondary branches attenuate at apices;

central strand cells not differentiated;

pseudoparaphyllia absent;

rhizoids somewhat abundant.

and branch leaves differentiated.;

stem leaves scalelike, minute;

apex acute-acuminate to rounded;

costa single, long, ending below apex, thick, usually pellucid, or double and short;

laminal cells short.

appressed when dry, complanate when moist, ligulate, slightly narrowed mid leaf, 1.2–2(–2.2) mm;

base broadly decurrent;

margins plane, entire from base to apex (cells moderately mammillose at insertion), sometimes denticulate near apex;

apex acute, sometimes obtuse or slightly apiculate, intact;

costa strong, sharply ending a few cells before apex, sometimes fading in youngest leaves, not obscured by laminal cells distally, pellucid, abaxial costa cells smooth;

basal laminal cells hyaline or sometimes chlorophyllose, papillae few, region sometimes extending more than 1/2 length of leaf base;

distal cells quadrate, 6–8 µm, papillae many, branched.

with costa single, ending sharply at or near apex, pellucid.

1–1.5 cm.

dark to light reddish or brown, flexuose.

dioicous.

oblong, urn 1.6–2.8 mm;

stomata at base;

annulus not differentiated;

operculum obliquely short-rostrate, 1.3 mm;

exostome teeth irregular, 0.3 mm, striolate proximally, trabeculate and ± finely papillose towards apex;

endostome basal membrane 3 or 4 cells high, segments well developed.

erect, exserted;

operculum conic to obliquely short-rostrate;

exostome whitish yellow to pale brown, often striolate at base and papillose.

10–13 µm, densely papillose.

never beyond last branching points, leaves abruptly narrowed, costa to beyond mid leaf, ending near apex in most interior leaves, laminal cells smooth.