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pasqueflower, prairie pasqueflower, prairie smoke, prairie-crocus

anémone du Canada, Canada anemone, Canada windflower, Canadian anemone, meadow anemone

Aerial shoots

(15-)20-80 cm, from caudices on rhizomes, caudices ascending, rhizomes ascending to horizontal.

Basal leaves

1-5, simple, deeply divided;

petiole 8-22(-37) cm;

leaf blade orbiculate, 4-10 × 5-15(-20) cm, base sagittate to nearly truncate, margins serrate and incised on distal 1/3-1/2, apex acuminate, surfaces puberulous (more so abaxially);

segments primarily 3, lanceolate to oblanceolate;

lateral segments again 1x-lobed or -parted (proximal lobe occasionally lobed again); ultimate segments 10-30(-35) mm wide.

Inflorescences

1(-3+)-flowered, rarely cymes;

peduncle puberulous to villous, distally densely villous;

involucral bracts 3 (secondary involucres with 2), remotely subtending flowers, (1-)2-tiered, simple, ±similar to basal leaves, broadly obtriangular, 3-cleft, 3-10 cm, bases broadly cuneate, connate, margins sharply, irregularly serrate and incised on distal 1/3-1/2, apex acuminate, surfaces puberulous, more so abaxially;

segments 3, lanceolate to oblanceolate;

lateral segments unlobed or 1x-lobed; ultimate lobes (8-)10-15(-20) mm wide.

Flowers

sepals (4-)5(-6), white, obovate, (8-)10-20(-25) × 5-15 mm, hairy or glabrous;

stamens 80-100.

Achenes

body obovoid to ellipsoid, (2.5-)3-6 × 3.5-6 mm, winged, strigose or glabrate;

beak straight, 2-6 mm, strigose, not plumose.

Heads of achenes

spheric to ovoid;

pedicel 7.5-11.5 cm.

2n

=14.

Anemone patens

Anemone canadensis

Phenology Flowering spring–summer (May–Aug).
Habitat Damp thickets, meadows, wet prairies, lake shores, streamsides, clearings, occasionally swampy areas
Elevation 200-2800 m (700-9200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CO; IA; ID; IL; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; SD; UT; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; SK; YT; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
CO; CT; IA; IL; IN; KS; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; PA; SD; VT; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties ca. 4 (1 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Various parts of Anemone canadensis were used medicinally by Native Americans in the treatment of wounds, nasal hemorrhages, eye problems, and sore throats, to counteract witch medicines, and as a general panacea (D. E. Moerman 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Anemone Ranunculaceae > Anemone
Sibling taxa
A. acutiloba, A. americana, A. berlandieri, A. canadensis, A. caroliniana, A. cylindrica, A. deltoidea, A. drummondii, A. edwardsiana, A. grayi, A. lancifolia, A. lyallii, A. multiceps, A. multifida, A. narcissiflora, A. occidentalis, A. okennonii, A. oregana, A. parviflora, A. piperi, A. quinquefolia, A. richardsonii, A. tuberosa, A. virginiana
A. acutiloba, A. americana, A. berlandieri, A. caroliniana, A. cylindrica, A. deltoidea, A. drummondii, A. edwardsiana, A. grayi, A. lancifolia, A. lyallii, A. multiceps, A. multifida, A. narcissiflora, A. occidentalis, A. okennonii, A. oregana, A. parviflora, A. patens, A. piperi, A. quinquefolia, A. richardsonii, A. tuberosa, A. virginiana
Subordinate taxa
A. patens var. multifida
Synonyms A. dichotoma var. canadensis
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 538. (1753) Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 3: 231. (1768)
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