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blue windflower, bog anemone, Oregon anemone, Oregon windflower, western wood anemone, western wood anenome

Carolina anemone

Aerial shoots

5-30(-35) cm, from rhizomes, rhizomes horizontal.

5-35(-60) cm, from tubers with rhizomes near apex, tubers ascending or vertical, rhizomes horizontal or ascending.

Basal leaves

0-1, ternate;

petiole 4-20 cm;

terminal leaflet sessile to petiolulate, oblanceolate to rhombic, oblong, or ovate, 1-5(-6) × 0.7-2.5(-3.5) cm, base narrowly cuneate, margins sharply serrate on distal 1/2(-2/3), apex acuminate to acute, surfaces strigose to nearly glabrous;

lateral leaflets unlobed or 1x-lobed; ultimate lobes 0.4-10 mm wide.

1-3(-5), 1-2-ternate;

petiole 3-9(-10) cm;

terminal leaflet petiolulate, rarely sessile, obtriangular, 2-3-cleft, 1-3 × 0.8-2(-2.5) cm, base narrowly attenuate to strongly and narrowly cuneate, margins serrate, rarely dissected on distal 2/3, apex obtuse to broadly acute, surfaces glabrous;

lateral leaflets ±pinnately 1-2(-3)×-lobed or -parted; ultimate lobes 2-10 mm wide.

Inflorescences

1-flowered;

peduncle proximally glabrous, distally villous to pilose;

involucral bracts 3, 1-tiered, ternate, ±similar to basal leaves, bases distinct;

terminal leaflet sessile to petiolulate, oblanceolate to rhombic, oblong, or ovate, 1-8 × 0.8-3(-3.5) cm, bases narrowly cuneate to cuneate, margins crenate to serrate on distal 1/2(-2/3), apex acuminate to acute, surfaces abaxially glabrous or strigose, adaxially nearly glabrous to strigose;

lateral leaflets unlobed or 1x-lobed; ultimate lobes 0.5-10 mm wide.

1-flowered;

peduncle proximally glabrous, distally villous;

involucral bracts 3, borne below middle of scape at anthesis, 1-tiered, simple, ±similar to basal leaves, obtriangular, 3-cleft, 1-2.5 cm, bases somewhat clasping, connate, margins incised on distal 1/2, apex acuminate, surfaces sparsely pilose;

segments 3, broadly linear;

lateral segments 1-2x-lobed or -parted; ultimate lobes 1-2.5 mm wide.

Flowers

sepals 5-7(-8), blue to purple, reddish, or purple to pink (rarely nearly white or abaxially reddish, violet, or marginally purple, adaxially white), ovate, oblong, or elliptic, 10-20 × 5-8(-10) mm, glabrous;

stamens 30-75.

sepals 10-20(-30), white to rose or blue to purple, linear to oblong, (6-)10-20(-22) × 2-5(-7) mm, abaxially sparsely hairy, adaxially glabrous or nearly so;

stamens 50-60.

Achenes

body oblong to ellipsoid, 4-5 × 1.5-2 mm, not winged, puberulous to pilose, rarely glabrous;

beak ±straight, (0.5-)1-1.5 mm, glabrous.

body ovoid, 1.5-2.5(-3) × ca. 2 mm, not winged, densely woolly;

beak straight, 1.3-2 mm, projecting beyond achene indument, proximally tomentose, not plumose.

Heads of achenes

nearly spheric;

pedicel (1.5-)2-5(-7) cm.

fusiform;

pedicel (5-)10-20 cm.

2n

=16.

Anemone oregana

Anemone caroliniana

Phenology Flowering winter–spring (Feb–Apr).
Habitat Dry prairies, barrens, pastures, meadows, rocky, open woods
Elevation 60-700m (200-2300ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; GA; IA; IL; KS; LA; MN; MO; MS; NE; OK; SC; SD; TN; TX; WI
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Anemone caroliniana was recorded from Indiana (Vigo County); it has since been extirpated.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stamens 30–60; abaxial color of sepals same as adaxial color; margins of involucral bracts similar to those of basal leaves.
var. oregana
1. Stamens 60–75; abaxial color of sepals different from adaxial color; margins of involucral bracts more coarsely serrate than those of basal leaves.
var. felix
Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Anemone Ranunculaceae > Anemone
Sibling taxa
A. acutiloba, A. americana, A. berlandieri, A. canadensis, A. caroliniana, A. cylindrica, A. deltoidea, A. drummondii, A. edwardsiana, A. grayi, A. lancifolia, A. lyallii, A. multiceps, A. multifida, A. narcissiflora, A. occidentalis, A. okennonii, A. parviflora, A. patens, A. piperi, A. quinquefolia, A. richardsonii, A. tuberosa, A. virginiana
A. acutiloba, A. americana, A. berlandieri, A. canadensis, A. cylindrica, A. deltoidea, A. drummondii, A. edwardsiana, A. grayi, A. lancifolia, A. lyallii, A. multiceps, A. multifida, A. narcissiflora, A. occidentalis, A. okennonii, A. oregana, A. parviflora, A. patens, A. piperi, A. quinquefolia, A. richardsonii, A. tuberosa, A. virginiana
Subordinate taxa
A. oregana var. felix, A. oregana var. oregana
Name authority A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 308. (1887) Walter: Fl. Carol., 157. (1788)
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