Anemone oregana
Anemone acutiloba
blue windflower, bog anemone, Oregon anemone, Oregon windflower, western wood anemone, western wood anenome
anémone à lobes aigus, hépatique à lobes aigus, sharp-lobed hepatica, sharplobe hepatica
5-30(-35) cm, from rhizomes, rhizomes horizontal.
5-19 cm, from rhizomes, rhizomes ascending to horizontal.
0-1, ternate;
petiole 4-20 cm;
terminal leaflet sessile to petiolulate, oblanceolate to rhombic, oblong, or ovate, 1-5(-6) × 0.7-2.5(-3.5) cm, base narrowly cuneate, margins sharply serrate on distal 1/2(-2/3), apex acuminate to acute, surfaces strigose to nearly glabrous;
lateral leaflets unlobed or 1x-lobed; ultimate lobes 0.4-10 mm wide.
3-15, often purplish abaxially, simple, deeply divided;
petiole 3-19 cm;
leaf blade widely orbiculate, 1.3-8 × 1.8- -11.5 cm, base cordate, margins entire, apex acute or acuminate, surfaces strongly villous to glabrescent;
lobes 3(-5), deltate, 0.7-4 cm wide;
middle lobe 70-90% of total blade length.
1-flowered;
peduncle proximally glabrous, distally villous to pilose;
involucral bracts 3, 1-tiered, ternate, ±similar to basal leaves, bases distinct;
terminal leaflet sessile to petiolulate, oblanceolate to rhombic, oblong, or ovate, 1-8 × 0.8-3(-3.5) cm, bases narrowly cuneate to cuneate, margins crenate to serrate on distal 1/2(-2/3), apex acuminate to acute, surfaces abaxially glabrous or strigose, adaxially nearly glabrous to strigose;
lateral leaflets unlobed or 1x-lobed; ultimate lobes 0.5-10 mm wide.
1-flowered, villous to pilose;
involucral bracts 3, 1-tiered, simple, dissimilar to basal leaves, lanceolate to ovate, 0.53-1.8 × 0.27-0.95 cm, sessile, calyx-like, closely subtending flowers, bases distinct, cuneate, margins entire, apex acute, strongly villous to glabrescent.
sepals 5-7(-8), blue to purple, reddish, or purple to pink (rarely nearly white or abaxially reddish, violet, or marginally purple, adaxially white), ovate, oblong, or elliptic, 10-20 × 5-8(-10) mm, glabrous;
stamens 30-75.
sepals 5-12, white to pink or bluish, ovate to obovate, 6-14.6 × 2.2-5.8 mm, glabrous;
petals absent;
stamens 10-30.
body oblong to ellipsoid, 4-5 × 1.5-2 mm, not winged, puberulous to pilose, rarely glabrous;
beak ±straight, (0.5-)1-1.5 mm, glabrous.
body narrowly ovoid, 3.5-4.7 × 1.3-1.9 mm, slightly winged, hispid, gradually tapering;
beak indistinct.
nearly spheric;
pedicel (1.5-)2-5(-7) cm.
spheric;
pedicel 0.1-0.4 cm.
=14.
Anemone oregana
Anemone acutiloba
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
In North America, Anemone acutiloba and A. americana are sufficiently well differentiated to enable the distinction of the two species. Some intermediates do occur but it is uncertain as to whether thes intermediates or hybrids. The fact that the two species are highly sympatric and still maintain their differences implies that they should still be recognized as distinctive species (see G.L. Stebbins 1993).
The two North American species formerly placed in Hepatica are closely allied to the Eurasian Anemone hepatica Linnaeus [=Hepatica nobilis Miller, Hepatica hepatica (Linnaeus) Karst]. Among European collections, plants approach either A. acutiloba or A. americana in leaf morphology, but some intermediates are found (J. A. Steyermark and C. S. Steyermark 1960). North American plants differ from A. hepatica in having narrower sepals, larger involucral bracts, and shorter and less pubescent scapes. Further research, including a comparative study of breeding systems, is needed to clarify the relationship between Anemone hepatica, A. acutiloba, and A. americana. Pending such work, the eastern North American hepaticas are here recognized as distinct species.
D. E. Moerman (1986) lists Hepatica acutiloba as one of the plants used medicinally by Native Americans in the treatment of abdominal pains, poor digestion, and constipation, as a wash for "twisted mouth or crossed eyes," and as a gynecological aid.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Stamens 30–60; abaxial color of sepals same as adaxial color; margins of involucral bracts similar to those of basal leaves. | var. oregana |
1. Stamens 60–75; abaxial color of sepals different from adaxial color; margins of involucral bracts more coarsely serrate than those of basal leaves. | var. felix |
OR
WA
CalFlora
Flora NW
PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
Go Botany
IL Wildflowers
MD Biodiversity
MI Flora
MN Wildflowers
MO Plants
